Modularity of the Rankin-Selberg L-series, and multiplicity one for SL(2)

DOI10.2307/2661379MaRDI QIDQ1589983zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dinakar Ramakrishnan

Publication date 14 May 2001

Published in Annals of Mathematics. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0007203, https://eudml.org/doc/121894, http://www.math.princeton.edu/~annals/issues/2000/152_1.html

zbMATH Keywords

\(\varepsilon\)-factor\(L\) factor\(L\)-functionscuspidalityisobaric automorphic representationsmultiplicity oneTate conjecture

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Langlands (L)-functions; one variable Dirichlet series and functional equations (11F66) Representation-theoretic methods; automorphic representations over local and global fields (11F70) Galois representations (11F80) Arithmetic aspects of modular and Shimura varieties (11G18) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over global fields and adèle rings (22E55)

Abstract: A fundamental question, first raised by Langlands, is to know whether the Rankin-Selberg product of two (not necessarily holomorphic) cusp forms f and g is modular, i.e., if there exists an automorphic form f box g on GL(4)/Q whose standard L-function equals L^*(s, f x g) after removing the ramified and archimedean factors. The first main result of this paper is to answer it in the affirmative, in fact with the base field Q replaced by any number field F. Our proof uses a mixture of converse theorems, base change and descent, and it also appeals to the local regularity properties of Eisenstein series and the scalar products of their truncations. One of the applications of this result is that the space of cusp forms on SL(2) has multiplicity one. Concretely this means the following: If f, g are newforms of holomorphic or Maass type with trivial character such that the squares of the p-th coeficients of f and g are the same at almost all primes p, then g must be a twist of f by a quadratic Dirichlet character.

Review text

The main result of the paper is the following theorem. Let \(\pi\) and \(\pi'\) be two isobaric automorphic representations of \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\) over a number field \(F\). Then there exists an automorphic representation \(\Pi\) of \(\mathrm{GL}(4)\) over \(F\) whose \(L\)- and \(\varepsilon\)-factors are \(L(s,\pi_v \times \pi'_v)\) and \(\varepsilon(s,\pi_v \times \pi'_v)\) (the \(L\)-function of \(\Pi\) is the ``convolution of the \(L\)-functions of \(\pi\) and \(\pi'\)). The theorem is completed by a criterion for the cuspidality of \(\Pi\). The result is derived from a converse theorem for \(\mathrm{GL}(4)\). In order to define candidates for \(\Pi_v\) at all places, the author uses base change to an infinite family of solvable extensions of \(F\). Then the analytic properties of \(L(s,\Pi\times\eta)\), with \(\eta\) cuspidal on \(\mathrm{GL}(1)\) or \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\), have to be proved, so that the converse theorem can be applied. The most difficult part is the required boundedness in vertical strips of these \(L\)-functions (for \(\eta\) on \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\)). Here the author uses the integral representation of the triple \(L\)-function defined by Piatetski-Shapiro and Rallis. That integral involves an Eisenstein series \(E(f_s)\) on \(\mathrm{GSp}(6)\), which has to be estimated. Arthur's truncation functor is used to do that. Finally one descends to the original base field \(F\). Applications of the theorem are, among others, multiplicity one for cusp forms on \(\mathrm{SL}(2)\) and a proof of the Tate conjecture for 4-fold products of modular curves.

Recommendations

• Appendix: A refinement of the strong multiplicity one theorem for \(GL(2)\)
• Effective multiplicity one on GL n and narrow zero-free regions for Rankin-Selberg L- functions
• Converse theorems for \(\text{GL}_n\)
• Analytic Proof of the Strong Multiplicity One Theorem
• On the special values of certain Rankin-Selberg L-functions and applications to odd symmetric power L-functions of modular forms

Cited in

(only showing first 100 items - show all)

• Cohomology of congruence subgroups of \(\text{SL}(4,\mathbb Z)\). II
• Potential modularity for elliptic curves and some applications
• On certain \(L\)-series of Rankin-Selberg type associated to Siegel modular forms of degree 2
• Families of \(L\)-functions of automorphic forms and applications
• On automorphic analogues of the Möbius randomness principle
• A weak form of beyond endoscopic decomposition for the stable trace formula of odd orthogonal groups
• A Miyawaki type lift for \(\mathrm{GSpin}(2,10)\)
• On endoscopic \(p\)-adic automorphic forms for \(\mathrm{SL}_2\)
• Automorphic forms on \(\text{SO}(4)\).
• Some results on multiplicities for SL(n)
• An analogue of Serre's conjecture for Galois representations and Hecke eigenclasses in the \(\operatorname{mod} p\) cohomology of \(\text{GL}(n,\mathbb{Z})\)
• Cuspidality of symmetric powers with applications.
• Rankin-Selberg \(L\)-functions in the level aspect.
• Miyawaki's \(F_{12}\) spinor \(L\)-function conjecture
• On higher moments of Fourier coefficients of holomorphic cusp forms. II
• Special value formula for the twisted triple product \(L\)-function and an application to the restricted \(L^2\)-norm problem
• Weak subconvexity without a Ramanujan hypothesis
• Sums of absolute values of cusp form coefficients and their application
• Multiplicity one theorems, \(S\)-version
• Abelian surfaces over totally real fields are potentially modular
• A constraint for twist equivalence of cusp forms on \(\mathrm{GL}(n)\)
• Cancellation in algebraic twisted sums on \(\operatorname{GL}_m\)
• Zeros of Rankin-Selberg \(L\)-functions at the edge of the critical strip
• On the Fourier coefficients of certain Hilbert modular forms
• On Deligne's conjecture for symmetric fifth \(L\)-functions of modular forms
• On the decomposition of symmetric powers of automorphic representations for \(\mathrm{GL}(3)\) and \(\mathrm{GL}(4)\)
• Summing Hecke eigenvalues over polynomials
• Automorphy of \(m\)-fold tensor products of GL(2)
• Explicit Burgess-like subconvex bounds for \(\mathrm{GL_2 \times GL_1}\)
• Asai cube L-functions and the local Langlands correspondence
• Gamma factors for the Asai cube representation
• Average of Dirichlet coefficients of cuspidal representations related to \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\)
• On the first negative Hecke eigenvalue of an automorphic representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{A}_\mathbb{Q})\)
• Gamma factors for the asai representation of \(\mathrm{GL}_2\)
• Critical values of \(L\)-functions for \(\mathrm{GL}_3 \times \mathrm{GL}_1\) and symmetric square \(L\)-functions for \(\mathrm{GL}_2\) over a CM field
• A note on Maass forms of icosahedral type
• Arthur's multiplicity formula for \(\mathrm{GSp}_4\) and restriction to \(\mathrm{Sp}_4\)
• A construction of projective bases for irreducible representations of multiplicative groups of division algebras over local fields
• On a Rankin-Selberg \(L\)-function over different fields
• Tate conjecture for some abelian surfaces over totally real or CM number fields
• Tate classes and poles of L-functions of twisted quaternionic Shimura surfaces
• Relating invariant linear form and local epsilon factors via global methods. (With an appendix by Hiroshi Saito)
• Universal eigenvarieties, trianguline Galois representations, and \(p\)-adic Langlands functoriality
• Determination of elliptic curves by their adjoint \(p\)-adic \(L\)-functions
• A \(p\)-adic Labesse-Langlands transfer
• Comparing Hecke eigenvalues of newforms
• Shifted convolution sums for higher rank groups
• Non-solvable base change for Hilbert modular representations and zeta functions of twisted quaternionic Shimura varieties
• First moment of Rankin-Selberg central \(L\)-values and subconvexity in the level aspect
• Rankin-Selberg \(L\)-functions on the critical line
• Langlands reciprocity for certain Galois extensions
• Asymptotics for cuspidal representations by functoriality from \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\)
• On the first simultaneous sign change for Fourier coefficients associated with Hecke-Maass forms
• Distinction inside \(L\)-packets of \(\mathrm{SL}(n)\)
• Algebraicity of critical values of triple product \(L\)-functions in the balanced case
• Applications of Langlands' functorial lift of odd orthogonal groups
• Some Remarks on Automorphy and the Sato-Tate Conjecture
• A local-global question in automorphic forms
• The residual Eisenstein cohomology of \(\mathrm{Sp}_4\) over a totally real number field
• Book review of: Automorphic representations and \(L\)-functions for the general linear group. Volume I, by Dorian Goldfeld and with exercises by Xander Faber and a preface by Joseph Hundley. Automorphic representations and L-functions for the general linear group. Volume II, by Dorian Goldfeld and with exercises by Xander Faber and a preface by Joseph Hundley.
• Galois representations with quaternion multiplication associated to noncongruence modular forms
• Level-raising and symmetric power functoriality. I
• Darmon points on elliptic curves over number fields of arbitrary signature
• On modular signs
• Further refinement of strong multiplicity one for \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\)
• On signs of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms
• Generalised form of a conjecture of Jacquet and a local consequence
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4093571 (Why is no real title available?)
• Siegel modular varieties and the Eisenstein cohomology of \(\mathrm{PGL}_{2g+1}\)
• Determination of cusp forms on \(\mathrm{GL}(2)\) by coefficients restricted to quadratic subfields (with an appendix by Dipendra Prasad and Dinakar Ramakrishnan)
• Riemann’s zeta function and beyond
• Boundedness of automorphic 𝐿–functions in vertical strips
• Simultaneous non-vanishing and sign changes of Fourier coefficients of modular forms
• -INDISTINGUISHABILITY ON EIGENVARIETIES
• Hecke duality of Ikeda lifts
• A conjecture on Whittaker-Fourier coefficients of cusp forms
• Potentially \(\operatorname{GL}_2\)-type Galois representations associated to noncongruence modular forms
• Functoriality for the exterior square of 𝐺𝐿₄ and the symmetric fourth of 𝐺𝐿₂
• The role of the Ramanujan conjecture in analytic number theory
• Logarithmic derivatives of Artin -functions
• Relative Character Identities and Theta Correspondence
• Chebyshev's bias for analytic L-functions
• Adjoint \(L\)-functions, period integrals, and a converse theorem for \(\mathrm{SL}_2\)
• Base change, tensor product and the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture
• A conjectural refinement of strong multiplicity one for GL(n)
• Base change and triple product \(L\)-series
• A 2-adic automorphy lifting theorem for unitary groups over CM fields
• Bombieri-Vinogradov theorems for modular forms and applications
• Comparing Hecke coefficients of automorphic representations
• Isolating Rankin-Selberg lifts
• Emergent spacetime from modular motives
• Determination of \(\text{GL}(3)\) cusp forms by central values of \(\text{GL}(3)\times \text{GL}(2)\, L\)-functions, level aspect
• Variations on a theorem of Tate
• On -adic representations for a space of noncongruence cuspforms
• A note on standard zero-free regions for Rankin–Selberg $L$-functions
• The Second Moment Theory of Families of 𝐿-Functions–The Case of Twisted Hecke 𝐿-Functions
• On higher moments of Hecke eigenvalues attached to cusp forms
• Non-existence of Siegel zeros for cuspidal functorial products on 𝐺𝐿(2)×𝐺𝐿(3)
• Holomorphy of Rankin triple \(L\)-functions; special values and root numbers for symmetric cube \(L\)-functions
• An exercise concerning the selfdual cusp forms on \(\mathrm{GL}(3)\)

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