Spines and homology of thin Riemannian manifolds with boundary

DOI10.1006/AIMA.2000.1923MaRDI QIDQ1590966zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Stephanie B. Alexander, Richard L. Bishop

Publication date 19 December 2000

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://semanticscholar.org/paper/19b3d5e862c436bdc9bfe390c52258e42b6a4573

PL-topology polyhedral spine Riemannian manifold sectional curvature

Global Riemannian geometry, including pinching (53C20) Methods of global Riemannian geometry, including PDE methods; curvature restrictions (53C21)

Review text

The authors have established a link between Riemannian geometry and the notion in PL-topology of collapse to a simple polyhedral spine. Following are their main results: Theorem I. Suppose a Riemannian manifold \(M\) with connected boundary \(B\) satisifies \(|K_M|\leq 1\) and \(|K_B |\leq 1\), where \(K_M\) is the sectional curvature of the interior and \(K_B\) is normal curvature of the boundary. If \(M\) and \(B\) are simply connected, then \(M\) has inradius at least 0.108. More generally, if \(\pi_1(B)\) and \(\pi_1(M)\) are isomorphic under the inclusion map, then \(M\) has inradius at least 0.108. Theorem 2. There exists a sequence of universal constants \(a_2<a_3\dots\) (independent of dimension \(n)\), such that a Riemannian manifold \(M\) with boundary \(B\) has curvature-normalized inradius less than \(a_k\), then the cut locus of \(B\) is a \(k\)-branched simple polyhedron of dimension \(n-1\), and is a spine of \(M\). Here \(a_2\approx 0.075\) and \(a_3\approx 0.108\). Theorem 3. Suppose a manifold \(M\) with boundary \(B\) has a 3-branched simple polyhedron as spine, and \(H_1(B,\mathbb{Z}) =0\). (a) If \(B\) is connected, then \(H_1(M,\mathbb{Z})\neq 0\). (b) If \(M\) is compact, then \(H_1(M,\mathbb{Z})\) is a direct sum of copies of \(\mathbb{Z}\), \(\mathbb{Z}_2\), and \(\mathbb{Z}_3\), and depends only on the number of components of the boundary and a bipartite graph representing the combinatorial structure of the spine.

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