Non-Newtonian Poiseuille flow of a gas in a pipe

DOI10.1016/S0378-4371(00)00405-2MaRDI QIDQ1591769zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors M. Tij, Andres Santos

Publication date 9 January 2001

Published in Physica A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0006063

zbMATH Keywords

Boltzmann equation perturbation expansion Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook kinetic model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Rarefied gas flows, Boltzmann equation in fluid mechanics (76P05)

Abstract: The Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook kinetic model of the Boltzmann equation is solved for the steady cylindrical Poiseuille flow fed by a constant gravity field. The solution is obtained as a perturbation expansion in powers of the field (through fourth order) and for a general class of repulsive potentials. The results, which are hardly sensitive to the interaction potential, suggest that the expansion is only asymptotic. A critical comparison with the profiles predicted by the Navier-Stokes equations shows that the latter fail over distances comparable to the mean free path. In particular, while the Navier-Stokes description predicts a monotonically decreasing temperature as one moves apart from the cylinder axis, the kinetic theory description shows that the temperature has a local minimum at the axis and reaches a maximum value at a distance of the order of the mean free path. Within that distance, the radial heat flows from the colder to the hotter points, in contrast to what is expected from the Fourier law. Furthermore, a longitudinal component of the heat flux exists in the absence of gradients along the longitudinal direction. Non-Newtonian effects, such as a non uniform hydrostatic pressure and normal stress differences, are also present.

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