Higher order intersection numbers of 2-spheres in 4-manifolds

DOI10.2140/AGT.2001.1.1zbMATH Open0964.57022arXivmath/0008048OpenAlexW2123047404MaRDI QIDQ1591997FDOQ1591997

Rob Schneiderman, Peter Teichner

Publication date: 19 February 2001

Published in: Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This is the beginning of an obstruction theory for deciding whether a map f:S^2 --> X^4 is homotopic to a topologically flat embedding, in the presence of fundamental group and in the absence of dual spheres. The first obstruction is Wall's self-intersection number mu(f) which tells the whole story in higher dimensions. Our second order obstruction tau(f) is defined if mu(f) vanishes and has formally very similar properties, except that it lies in a quotient of the group ring of two copies of pi_1(X) modulo S_3-symmetry (rather then just one copy modulo S_3-symmetry). It generalizes to the non-simply connected setting the Kervaire-Milnor invariant which corresponds to the Arf-invariant of knots in 3-space. We also give necessary and sufficient conditions for moving three maps f_1,f_2,f_3:S^2 --> X^4 to a position in which they have disjoint images. Again the obstruction lambda(f_1,f_2,f_3) generalizes Wall's intersection number lambda(f_1,f_2) which answers the same question for two spheres but is not sufficient (in dimension 4) for three spheres. In the same way as intersection numbers correspond to linking numbers in dimension 3, our new invariant corresponds to the Milnor invariant mu(1,2,3), generalizing the Matsumoto triple to the non simply-connected setting.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0008048

zbMATH Keywords

cubic formWhitney diskimmersed \(2\)-sphere

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Embeddings and immersions in topological manifolds (57N35)

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Cited In (14)

• Introduction to Whitney towers
• Embedding spheres in knot traces
• Algebraic linking numbers of knots in 3-manifolds
• Whitney tower concordance of classical links
• Whitney towers and gropes in 4–manifolds
• Multivariable manifold calculus of functors
• The group of disjoint 2-spheres in 4-space
• Self C2-equivalence of two-component links and invariants of link maps
• Stable concordance of knots in 3-manifolds
• An analogue of Milnor's invariants for knots in 3-manifolds
• On invariants of link maps in dimension four
• Abelian invariants of doubly slice links
• A manifold calculus approach to link maps and the linking number
• Detecting Whitney disks for link maps in the four-sphere

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