Classical Coulomb systems: Screening and correlations revisited.

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Abstract: From the laws of macroscopic electrostatics of conductors (in particular the existence of screening) taken for granted, one can deduce universal properties for the thermal fluctuations in a classical Coulomb system at equilibrium. The universality is especially apparent in the long-range correlations of the electrical potentials and fields. The charge fluctuations are derived from the field fluctuations. This is a convenient way for studying the surface charge fluctuations on a conductor with boundaries. Explicit results are given for simple geometries. The potentials and the fields have Gaussian fluctuations, except for a short-distance cutoff.





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