Symplectic groups and permutation polynomials. II

DOI10.1006/FFTA.2001.0338MaRDI QIDQ1609403zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shreeram S. Abhyankar

Publication date 15 August 2002

Published in Finite Fields and their Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1006/ffta.2001.0338

zbMATH Keywords

exceptional polynomial Galois field permutation polynomial strong genus zero covering

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Separable extensions, Galois theory (12F10)

Review text

In 1993 \textit{M. D. Fried, R. M. Guralnik} and \textit{J. Saxl} [Isr. J. Math. 82, 157-225 (1993; Zbl 0855.11063)] settled Carlitz's conjecture on so-called exceptional polynomials. In the same paper they surmised that for \(p=2,3\) and any odd \(u>1\), there exists an exceptional polynomial \(h(Y)\in\text{GF}(q)\) of degree \(\frac 12 q(q-1)\) with \(\text{Gal}(h(Y)-X,\text{GF}(\overline{p}(X)))=\text{PSL}(2,q),\) where \(q=p^u .\) In 1994 for \(p=2\) this conjecture was validated by \textit{P. Müller} [Contemp. Math. 168, 245-249 (1994; Zbl 0818.11047)] and \textit{S. D. Cohen} and \textit{R. H. Matthews} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 345, 897-909 (1994; Zbl 0812.11070)]. For \(p=3\) the conjecture was validated by \textit{H. W. Lenstra jun.} and \textit{M. Zieve} [Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 233, 209-218 (1996; Zbl 0871.11087)]. In 1992 the author [Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 27, 68-133 (1992; Zbl 0760.12002)] considered a trinomial \(F(X,Y)=Y^{1+q}+XY+1\) and showed that \(\text{Gal}(F,\text{GF}(\overline{p}(X)))=\text{PSL}(2,q).\) It seemed obvious that for \(p=2\) the polynomial \(F\) must somehow be related to the polynomial found by Müller, Cohen and Matthews. The author shows how to get this polynomial by a deformation of \(F\). By some observations and with the help of MANTRA the author gets a polynomial of degree \(\frac 12 q^m(q^m-1)\) which provides a strong genus zero orthogonal group covering for \(p=2\) in the sense of his paper with \textit{N. Inglis} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 353, 2941-2969 (2001; Zbl 0992.12002)]. The paper consists of two parts. The first one is a preamble with a summary of Part I [Algebra, arithmetic, geometry, Part I, II, Mumbai 2000, Tata Inst. Fundam. Res. Stud. Math. 16, 1-96 (2002)]. The second part, which is the main part of the paper, contains proofs of crucial facts on this new polynomial, among others on the Galois group produced by it.

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