Positivity of intersection multiplicity over a two-dimensional base

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2018.07.008MaRDI QIDQ1634863zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 18 December 2018

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.05146

intersection multiplicity Serre's Positivity Conjecture

Homological conjectures (intersection theorems) in commutative ring theory (13D22) Multiplicity theory and related topics (13H15) Intersection theory, characteristic classes, intersection multiplicities in algebraic geometry (14C17)

Abstract: We show that Serre's Intersection Multiplicity Conjecture holds for a formal power series ring A over a complete, two-dimensional regular local ring R. From this, we deduce the corresponding result for the local rings of any scheme X which is a smooth extension of a regular, two-dimensional base Y. We also investigate the connection between intersection multiplicity and transversality in the unramified setting via a local analysis on the blowup.

Review text

Let \(A\) be a regular local ring. If \(M\) and \(N\) are finitely generated \(A\)-modules such that the length of the module \(M\otimes_A N\) is finite, the intersection multiplicity of \(M\) and \(N\), as introduced by \textit{J.-P. Serre} [Algèbre locale. Multiplicités. Cours au Collège de France, 1957-1958, rédigé par Pierre Gabriel. 2e ed. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag (1965; Zbl 0142.28603)], is defined by \[ \chi^A(M,N) = \sum_{i \geq 0} (-1)^i \ell(\operatorname{Tor}_i^A(M,N)), \] where \(\ell\) is the length function. This paper is concerned with Serre's Positivity Conjecture: If \(\dim M + \dim N = \dim A\), then \(\chi^A(M,N) > 0\). While the general case is still open, Serre [loc. cit.] proved that the conjecture holds when \(A\) is a formal power series ring \(RX_1,\ldots, X_m\) where \(R\) is either a field or a complete discrete valuation ring. In this paper, the author proves the conjecture when the coefficient ring \(R\) is a complete regular local ring of dimension two. As an application, it is shown that if \(f : X \to Y\) is a smooth morphism of noetherian schemes with \(Y\) regular of dimension two, then every local ring \(O_{X,x}\) satisfies Serre's Positivity Conjecture. This was already known to be true when the base is one-dimensional [\textit{W. Fulton}, Intersection theory. Berlin: Springer (1998; Zbl 0885.14002)].

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