Derivation of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process for a massive particle in a rarified gas of particles
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Brownian motion (60J65) Rarefied gas flows, Boltzmann equation in fluid mechanics (76P05) Other fundamental interactions in quantum theory (81V19) Atomic physics (81V45) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22) Kinetic theory of gases in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C40)
Abstract: We consider the statistical motion of a convex rigid body in a gas of N smaller (spherical) atoms close to thermodynamic equilibrium. Because the rigid body is much bigger and heavier, it undergoes a lot of collisions leading to small deflections. We prove that its velocity is described, in a suitable limit, by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The strategy of proof relies on Lanford's arguments [17] together with the pruning procedure from [3] to reach diffusive times, much larger than the mean free time. Furthermore, we need to introduce a modified dynamics to avoid pathological collisions of atoms with the rigid body: these collisions, due to the geometry of the rigid body, require developing a new type of trajectory analysis.
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Cited in
(6)- From Newton to Navier-Stokes, or how to connect fluid mechanics equations from microscopic to macroscopic scales
- Cluster expansion for a dilute hard sphere gas dynamics
- Long-time derivation at equilibrium of the fluctuating Boltzmann equation
- Dynamics of dilute gases at equilibrium: from the atomistic description to fluctuating hydrodynamics
- Spherical Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes
- A connection between the Boltzmann equation and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
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