Concentration-compactness principle for Trudinger-Moser inequalities on Heisenberg groups and existence of ground state solutions

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Abstract: Let mathbbHn=mathbbCnimesmathbbR be the n-dimensional Heisenberg group, Q=2n+2 be the homogeneous dimension of mathbbHn. We extend the well-known concentration-compactness principle on finite domains in the Euclidean spaces of P. L. Lions to the setting of the Heisenberg group mathbbHn. Furthermore, we also obtain the corresponding concentration-compactness principle for the Sobolev space HW1,Qleft(mathbbHnight) on the entire Heisenberg group mathbbHn. Our results improve the sharp Trudinger-Moser inequality on domains of finite measure in mathbbHn by Cohn and the second author [8] and the corresponding one on the whole space mathbbHn by Lam and the second author [21]. All the proofs of the concentration-compactness principles in the literature even in the Euclidean spaces use the rearrangement argument and the Poly'a-Szeg"{o} inequality. Due to the absence of the Poly'a-Szeg"{o} inequality on the Heisenberg group, we will develop a different argument. Our approach is surprisingly simple and general and can be easily applied to other settings where symmetrization argument does not work. As an application of the concentration-compactness principle, we establish the existence of ground state solutions for a class of Q- Laplacian subelliptic equations on mathbbHn with nonlinear terms f of maximal exponential growth expleft(alphatfracQQ1ight) as tightarrow+infty.



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