Ribbon crossing numbers, crossing numbers, and Alexander polynomials

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2018.07.007MaRDI QIDQ1663857zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Tomoyuki Yasuda

Publication date 24 August 2018

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2018.07.007

zbMATH Keywords

Alexander polynomialcrossing numberknotribbon 2-knotribbon crossing number

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Review text

Ribbon \(2\)-knotted objects are locally flat embeddings of surfaces in \(4\)-space which bound immersed \(3\)-manifolds with only ribbon singularities. They appear as topological realizations of welded knotted objects, which is a natural quotient of virtual knot theory. Let \(K^2\) be a ribbon \(2\)-knot. The ribbon crossing number, denoted here by \(r-cr(K^2)\) is a numerical invariant of the ribbon \(2\)-knot \(K^2\). It is known that the degree (the difference of between the maximal degree and the minimal degree) of the Alexander polynomial of \(K^2\) is less than or equal to \(r-cr(K^2)\). In the paper under review the author shows that \(r-cr(K^2)\) is estimated by coefficients of the Alexander polynomial of \(K^2\). As an application, the author obtains an estimation of the crossing number, denoted by \(cr(k^1)\), for a classical knot \(k^1\).

Recommendations

• AN EVALUATION OF THE CROSSING NUMBER ON RIBBON 2-KNOTS
• Ribbon 2-knots of ribbon crossing number four
• Classification of ribbon 2-knots presented by virtual arcs with up to four crossings
• A Fox-Milnor theorem for the Alexander polynomial of knotted 2-spheres in \(S^4\)
• CROSSING AND BASE NUMBERS OF RIBBON 2-KNOTS

Cites work

• AN EVALUATION OF THE CROSSING NUMBER ON RIBBON 2-KNOTS
• CROSSING AND BASE NUMBERS OF RIBBON 2-KNOTS
• Free differential calculus. II: The isomorphism problem of groups
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3563912 (Why is no real title available?)
• Knotted 2-spheres in the 4-sphere
• On a characterization of knot groups of some spheres in \(R^4\)
• Some problems in knot theory
• STABLE EQUIVALENCE OF RIBBON PRESENTATIONS

Cited in

(9)

• A Fox-Milnor theorem for the Alexander polynomial of knotted 2-spheres in \(S^4\)
• AN EVALUATION OF THE CROSSING NUMBER ON RIBBON 2-KNOTS
• CROSSING AND BASE NUMBERS OF RIBBON 2-KNOTS
• Ribbon 2-knots of ribbon crossing number four
• Enumeration of ribbon 2-knots presented by virtual arcs with up to four crossings
• Amphicheirality of ribbon 2-knots
• Classification of ribbon 2-knots presented by virtual arcs with up to four crossings
• RIBBON 2-KNOTS WITH DISTINCT RIBBON TYPES
• An estimate of the Ribbon number by the Jones polynomial

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