Modelling and optimal control of typhoid fever disease with cost-effective strategies

DOI10.1155/2017/2324518MaRDI QIDQ1664528zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Getachew Teshome Tilahun, O. D. Makinde, David M. Malonza

Publication date 27 August 2018

Published in Computational \& Mathematical Methods in Medicine (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2324518

zbMATH Keywords

cost-effective strategieslocal and global asymptotic stabilityoptimal controltyphoid fever disease

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Global stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D23) Methods involving semicontinuity and convergence; relaxation (49J45) Applications of optimal control and differential games (49N90) Epidemiology (92D30)

Review text

Summary: We propose and analyze a compartmental nonlinear deterministic mathematical model for the typhoid fever outbreak and optimal control strategies in a community with varying population. The model is studied qualitatively using stability theory of differential equations and the basic reproductive number that represents the epidemic indicator is obtained from the largest eigenvalue of the next-generation matrix. Both local and global asymptotic stability conditions for disease-free and endemic equilibria are determined. The model exhibits a forward transcritical bifurcation and the sensitivity analysis is performed. The optimal control problem is designed by applying Pontryagin maximum principle with three control strategies, namely, the prevention strategy through sanitation, proper hygiene, and vaccination; the treatment strategy through application of appropriate medicine; and the screening of the carriers. The cost functional accounts for the cost involved in prevention, screening, and treatment together with the total number of the infected persons averted. Numerical results for the typhoid outbreak dynamics and its optimal control revealed that a combination of prevention and treatment is the best cost-effective strategy to eradicate the disease.

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