Smooth surfaces in smooth fourfolds with vanishing first Chern class

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2017.06.013MaRDI QIDQ1689596zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 12 January 2018

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.04266

algebraic fourfolds algebraic surfaces hyper-Kähler varieties

Lattice points in specified regions (11P21) Intersection theory, characteristic classes, intersection multiplicities in algebraic geometry (14C17) Transcendental methods, Hodge theory (algebro-geometric aspects) (14C30) Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J32) (4)-folds (14J35) Enumerative problems (combinatorial problems) in algebraic geometry (14N10)

Abstract: According to a conjecture attributed to Hartshorne and Lichtenbaum and proven by Ellingsrud and Peskine, the smooth rational surfaces in

m a t h b b P^{4}

belong to only finitely many families. We formulate and study a collection of analogous problems in which

m a t h b b P^{4}

is replaced by a smooth fourfold

X

with vanishing first integral Chern class. We embed such

X

into a smooth ambient variety and count families of smooth surfaces which arise in

X

from the ambient variety. We obtain various finiteness results in such settings. The central technique is the introduction of a new numerical invariant for smooth surfaces in smooth fourfolds with vanishing first Chern class.

Review text

The article deals with the geography of non singular surfaces \(S\) on a smooth fourfold \(X\) with vanishing first integral Chern class. The author notes that the function \(f(S):= \) \(\text{deg} \left( c_1^2(S) - c_2(S) \right)\) depends only on the numerical class of \(S\) in \(X\). Fix an integer \(a\), the question is to prove that only a finite number of numerical classes can satisfy the bound \(f(S) \leq a \). If this is so then the same result holds true when the bound is given to \(\chi(S, \mathcal{O}_S)\), because the classification of surfaces yields \(f(S) \leq 6\chi(S, \mathcal{O}_S)\). The author produces conditions under which \(f(S)\) can be computed by means of a quadratic function on the group of codimension-2 cycles in \(V\) up to numerical equivalence, where \(V\) is some convenient variety in which \(X\) lives. Under suitable hypotheses the associated quadratic form is positive definite, and therefore only a finite number of numerical classes contain a surface \(S\) with \(f(S) \leq a \). For the following cases: (i) \(X\) a sextic hypersurface in \(\mathbb P^5\) or (ii) \(X\) the Fano variety of lines in a cubic fourfold, explicit inequalities on the number of numerical classes of smooth surfaces \(S\) on \(X\) with \(\chi(S) \leq r \) are found. The computation requires the further assumption that \(S\) is given by intersection with \(X\) of a codimension two subvariety inside the natural ambient space in which \(X\) lives.

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