Scalar gravitational waves in the effective theory of gravity
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Publication:1696254
Anomalies in quantum field theory (81T50) Gravitational interaction in quantum theory (81V17) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Gravitational waves (83C35) Gravitational energy and conservation laws; groups of motions (83C40) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30) Galactic and stellar dynamics (85A05)
Abstract: As a low energy effective field theory, classical General Relativity receives an infrared relevant modification from the conformal trace anomaly of the energy-momentum tensor of massless, or nearly massless, quantum fields. The local form of the effective action associated with the trace anomaly is expressed in terms of a dynamical scalar field that couples to the conformal factor of the spacetime metric, allowing it to propagate over macroscopic distances. Linearized around flat spacetime, this semi-classical EFT admits scalar gravitational wave solutions in addition to the transversely polarized tensor waves of the classical Einstein theory. The amplitude of the scalar wave modes, as well as their energy and energy flux which are positive and contain a monopole moment, are computed. Astrophysical sources for scalar gravitational waves are considered, with the excited gluonic condensates in the interiors of neutron stars in merger events with other compact objects likely to provide the strongest burst signals.
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Cited in
(28)- Conformal anomalies and the Einstein field equations
- Possible astrophysical effects of gravitational interaction of a scalar field within the framework of the affine-metric theory of gravitation
- Non-local effects of conformal anomaly
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