On parabolic final value problems and well-posedness

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Abstract: We prove that a large class of parabolic final value problems is well posed.This results via explicit Hilbert spaces that characterise the data yielding existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions. This data space is the graph normed domain of an unbounded operator, which represents a new compatibility condition pertinent for final value problems. The framework is evolution equations for Lax--Milgram operators in vector distribution spaces. The final value heat equation on a smooth open set is also covered, and for non-zero Dirichlet data a non-trivial extension of the compatibility condition is obtained by addition of an improper Bochner integral.


This paper is a brief exposition of the results proven rigorously in the preprint [``Final value problems for parabolic differential equations and their well-posedness, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1707.02136}]. The authors consider two parabolic final value problems and show that for properly chosen data spaces characterized by specific compatibility conditions, these inverse problems are well-posed regarding the existence, uniqueness and stability of their solutions. The first problem considered in the paper is a fully inhomogeneous final value problem \[ \begin{aligned} \partial_t u(t,x) - \Delta u(t,x) & = f(t,x)\quad\text{for}\quad t\in(0,T),\ x\in\Omega,\\ u(t,x) & = g(t,x)\quad\text{for}\quad t\in(0,T),\ x\in\partial\Omega,\\ u(T,x) & = u_T(x)\quad\text{for}\quad x\in\Omega,\\ \end{aligned} \] where \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) is a \(C^\infty\)-smooth bounded open set with boundary \(\partial\Omega\) and \((f,g,u_T)\) are the given data of the problem. The second problem is an abstract final value problem with homogeneous boundary conditions \[ \begin{aligned} \partial_t u + A u &= f\quad \text{in}\quad \mathcal{D}'(0,T;V^*),\\ u(T) &= u_T\quad \text{in}\quad H, \end{aligned} \] where \(A\) is a Lax-Milgram operator defined in a Hilbert space \(H\), \(V \hookrightarrow H \hookrightarrow V^*\) is the corresponding Gelfand triple, \(\mathcal{D}'(0,T;V^*)\) is the space of \(V^*\)-valued vector distributions, and \((f,u_T)\) are the given data of the problem.











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