Large gauge transformation, soft theorem, and infrared divergence in inflationary spacetime

DOI10.1007/JHEP10(2017)127zbMATH Open1383.85018arXiv1707.05485OpenAlexW2737660483MaRDI QIDQ1709347FDOQ1709347

Authors: Takahiro Tanaka, Yuko Urakawa 

Publication date: 27 March 2018

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: It is widely known that the primordial curvature perturbation $zeta$ has several universal properties in the infrared (IR) such as the soft theorem, which is also known as the consistency relation, and the conservation in time. They are valid in rather general single clock models of inflation. It has been argued that these universal properties are deeply related to the large gauge transformations in inflationary spacetime. However, the invariance under the large gauge transformations is not sufficient to show these IR properties. In this paper, we show that the locality condition is crucial to show the consistency relation and the conservation of $zeta$. This argument also can apply to an interacting system with the inflaton and heavy fields which have arbitrary integer spins, including higher spin fields, which may be motivated from string theory. We will also show that the locality condition guarantees the cancellation of the IR divergences in a certain class of variables whose correlation functions resemble cosmologically observable quantities.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.05485

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zbMATH Keywords

cosmology of theories beyond the SMeffective field theoriesgauge symmetry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum field theory on curved space or space-time backgrounds (81T20) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Astrophysical cosmology (85A40)

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Cited In (8)

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• Can all the infrared secular growth really be understood as increase of classical statistical variance?
• The spatial gauge-dependence of single-field inflationary bispectra
• Conditions for the absence of infrared sensitivity in cosmological probes in any gravity theories
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• Intrinsic galaxy alignment from angular dependent primordial non-Gaussianity
• Anisotropic separate universe and Weinberg's adiabatic mode
• Infrared divergences for free quantum fields in cosmological spacetimes

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