Variational study of fermionic and bosonic systems with non-Gaussian states: Theory and applications

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2017.11.014MaRDI QIDQ1745604zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Tao Shi, Eugene Demler, J. Ignacio Cirac

Publication date 18 April 2018

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.05902

zbMATH Keywords

spin-boson modelelectron-phonon interactiontime-dependent variational principle(non-)Gaussian state

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Variational principles of physics (49S05) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70)

Abstract: We present a new variational method for investigating the ground state and out of equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body bosonic and fermionic systems. Our approach is based on constructing variational wavefunctions which extend Gaussian states by including generalized canonical transformations between the fields. The key advantage of such states compared to simple Gaussian states is presence of non-factorizable correlations and the possibility of describing states with strong entanglement between particles. In contrast to the commonly used canonical transformations, such as the polaron or Lang-Firsov transformations, we allow parameters of the transformations to be time dependent, which extends their regions of applicability. We derive equations of motion for the parameters characterizing the states both in real and imaginary time using the differential structure of the variational manifold. The ground state can be found by following the imaginary time evolution until it converges to a steady state. Collective excitations in the system can be obtained by linearizing the real-time equations of motion in the vicinity of the imaginary time steady-state solution. Our formalism allows us not only to determine the energy spectrum of quasiparticles and their lifetime, but to obtain the complete spectral functions and to explore far out of equilibrium dynamics such as coherent evolution following a quantum quench. We illustrate and benchmark this framework with several examples: a single polaron in the Holstein and Su-Schrieer-Heeger models, non-equilibrium dynamics in the spin-boson and Kondo models, the superconducting to charge density wave phase transitions in the Holstein model.

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Cited in

(8)

• Gaussian variational method to Fermi-Hubbard model in one and two dimensions
• Some remarks on the coherent-state variational approach to nonlinear boson models
• Non-ideal boson system in the Gaussian approximation
• Gaussian time-dependent variational principle for bosons. I: Uniform case
• Algorithm for initializing a generalized fermionic Gaussian state on a quantum computer
• Phase diagram for strong-coupling Bose polarons
• Out-of-equilibrium full counting statistics in Gaussian theories of quantum magnets
• Macroscopic squeezing in quasi-one-dimensional two-component Bose gases

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