Soft factorization in QED from 2D Kac-Moody symmetry

DOI10.1007/JHEP02(2018)079zbMATH Open1387.81375arXiv1705.00608OpenAlexW2610593828MaRDI QIDQ1748769FDOQ1748769

Authors: Anjalika Nande, Monica Pate, Andrew Strominger 

Publication date: 14 May 2018

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The soft factorization theorem for 4D abelian gauge theory states that the $mathcalS$-matrix factorizes into soft and hard parts, with the universal soft part containing all soft and collinear poles. Similarly, correlation functions on the sphere in a 2D CFT with a $U(1)$ Kac-Moody current algebra factorize into current algebra and non-current algebra factors, with the current algebra factor fully determined by its pole structure. In this paper, we show that these 4D and 2D factorizations are mathematically the same phenomena. The soft `tHooft-Wilson lines and soft photons are realized as a complexified 2D current algebra on the celestial sphere at null infinity. The current algebra level is determined by the cusp anomalous dimension. The associated complex $U(1)$ boson lives on a torus whose modular parameter is $au=frac2pii{e}^2+fracheta2pi$. The correlators of this 2D current algebra fully reproduce the known soft part of the 4D $mathcalS$-matrix, as well as a conjectured generalization involving magnetic charges.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.00608

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zbMATH Keywords

conformal field theorygauge symmetryscattering amplitudes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Kac-Moody (super)algebras; extended affine Lie algebras; toroidal Lie algebras (17B67) Two-dimensional field theories, conformal field theories, etc. in quantum mechanics (81T40) (2)-body potential quantum scattering theory (81U05) Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10) (S)-matrix theory, etc. in quantum theory (81U20)

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Cited In (37)

• Celestial gluon and graviton OPE at loop level
• Uplifting \(\mathrm{AdS}_{3} / \mathrm{CFT}_2\) to flat space holography
• On Sugawara construction on celestial sphere
• The soft \(\mathcal{S}\)-matrix in gravity
• The infrared structure of perturbative gauge theories
• Celestial holography: an asymptotic symmetry perspective
• 2D Kac-Moody symmetry of 4D Yang-Mills theory
• A d-dimensional stress tensor for \(\mathrm{Mink}_{d+2}\) gravity
• Symmetries in celestial \(\mathrm{CFT}_d\)
• Holographic symmetry algebras for gauge theory and gravity
• Eikonal approximation in celestial CFT
• Soft modes in \(\mathcal{N} = 2\) SYK model
• Charge algebra for non-abelian large gauge symmetries at \(O(r)\)
• The SAGEX review on scattering amplitudes Chapter 11: Soft Theorems and Celestial Amplitudes
• Symmetry group at future null infinity. II: Vector theory
• Celestial diamonds: conformal multiplets in celestial CFT
• Soft particles and infinite-dimensional geometry
• MHV gluon scattering in the massive scalar background and celestial OPE
• Kac-Moody symmetry in the light front of gauge theories
• Non-abelian infrared divergences on the celestial sphere
• Celestial supersymmetry
• A shorter path to celestial currents
• Celestial open strings at one-loop
• Radiative phase space extensions at all orders in \(r\) for self-dual Yang-Mills and gravity
• Celestial holography on Kerr-Schild backgrounds
• S-matrix path integral approach to symmetries and soft theorems
• The classical dynamics of gauge theories in the deep infrared
• A comment on loop corrections to the celestial stress tensor
• Revisiting the conformally soft sector with celestial diamonds
• Zwanziger's pairwise little group on the celestial sphere
• Loop-level gluon OPEs in celestial holography
• Celestial operator product expansions and \(\mathrm{w}_{1+ \infty}\) symmetry for all spins
• Holographic chiral algebra: supersymmetry, infinite Ward identities, and EFTs
• Conformally soft photons and gravitons
• Null hypersurface quantization, electromagnetic duality and asympotic symmetries of Maxwell theory
• HPS meets AMPS: how soft hair dissolves the firewall
• Soft charges and electric-magnetic duality

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