Operator valued Fourier multipliers and stability of strongly continuous semigroups
This paper is a nice contribution to the study of the connections between \(L^p\)-Fourier multipliers and the asymptotic properties of strongly continuous semigroups of linear operators. Specifically, let \(X\) be a Banach space, let \(\{e^{tA}\}_{t \geq 0}\) be a strongly continuous semigroup on \(X\) with the infinitesimal generator \(A : D(A) \subset X \to X\), and let \((E)_f\) denote the inhomogeneous equation \[ {\dot u}(t) = Au(t) + f(t), \quad t \in [0, 2\pi], \] where \(f \in L^1([0, 2\pi], X)\) and \(u \in C([0, 2\pi], X)\). For \(m \in \{1, 2, \ldots\}\), the authors denote by \(X_m\) the domain \(D(A^m)\) endowed with the norm \(\|x\|_m = \sum_{k=0}^m \|A^k x\|\) and by \(X_0=X\). The first main result of the paper expresses in terms of Fourier multipliers, the existence of a unique periodic mild solution \(u\) of the equation \((E)_f\) for \(f\) belonging to \(L^p([0, 2\pi], X)\) or \(C_{\text{per}}([0, 2\pi], X_m)\). For \(m=0\), this result extends a theorem proved by \textit{J. Prüss} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 284, 847--857 (1984; Zbl 0572.47030)] and also a result obtained by \textit{Y. Latushkin} and \textit{S. Montgomery-Smith} [J. Funct. Anal. 127, 173--197 (1995; Zbl 0878.47024)]. Next, the authors deduce a formula for the \(m\)-th growth bound \(\omega_m(A)\) in terms of the \(m\)-th spectral bound \(s_m(A)\) and \(L^p({\mathbb R}, X)\)-Fourier multiplier properties of the function \(\xi_m(s) = (w -A)^{-m}(is-A)^{-1}\), with \(s \in {\mathbb R}\) and \(w > \max\{\omega_0(A), 0\}\). After that, they associate with \(\{e^{tA}\}_{t \geq 0}\) a linear control system \[ x(t) = e^{tA}x_0 + \int_0^te^{(t-\tau)A}Bu(\tau)\;d\tau, \quad y(t) = Cx(t), \quad t \geq 0, \] where \(B \in L(U, X)\) and \(C \in L(X, Y)\). The authors prove that under certain conditions, the above control system is \(p\)-input-output stable if and only if the associated transfer function is bounded on \(\{\lambda : \operatorname{Re} \lambda >0\}\) and its restriction to \(i{\mathbb R}\) is an \(L^p\)-Fourier multiplier. Finally, under the assumption that the above control system is stabilizable and detectable, the authors obtain that the exponential stability of \(\{e^{tA}\}_{t \geq 0}\) is equivalent to the fact that an appropriate modification of the transfer function is an \(L^p\)-Fourier multiplier. Throughout the paper, the authors establish interesting connections between their theorems and the existing results in this field. By their methods, the authors unify and extend valuable contributions to the theory of Fourier multiplies. This paper contains new and outstanding results and will be an important reference in the qualitative theory of evolution equations.
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