On the density of the odd values of the partition function

DOI10.1007/S00026-018-0397-XzbMATH Open1440.11195arXiv1511.05531OpenAlexW2963850528MaRDI QIDQ1787969FDOQ1787969

Authors: Samuel D. Judge, William J. Keith, Fabrizio Zanello 

Publication date: 5 October 2018

Published in: Annals of Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The purpose of this note is to introduce a new approach to the study of one of the most basic and seemingly intractable problems in partition theory, namely the conjecture that the partition function $p(n)$ is equidistributed modulo 2. Our main result will relate the densities, say $delt{a}_t$, of the odd values of the $t$-multipartition functions $p_t(n)$, for several integers $t$. In particular, we will show that if $delt{a}_t>0$ for some $tin5,7,11,13,17,19,23,25$, then (assuming it exists) $delt{a}_1>0$; that is, $p(n)$ itself is odd with positive density. Notice that, currently, the best unconditional result does not even imply that $p(n)$ is odd for $sqrtx$ values of $nlex$. In general, we conjecture that $delt{a}_t=1/2$ for all $t$ odd, i.e., that similarly to the case of $p(n)$, all multipartition functions are in fact equidistributed modulo 2. Our arguments will employ a number of algebraic and analytic methods, ranging from an investigation modulo 2 of some classical Ramanujan identities and several other eta product results, to a unified approach that studies the parity of the Fourier coefficients of a broad class of modular form identities recently introduced by Radu.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.05531

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zbMATH Keywords

partition functionmodular forms modulo 2partition identitiesregular partitionsRamanujan identitiesdensity odd valuesmultipartition functionbinary \(q\)-series

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of partitions of integers (05A17) Congruences for modular and (p)-adic modular forms (11F33) Analytic theory of partitions (11P82) Partitions; congruences and congruential restrictions (11P83) Partition identities; identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type (11P84)

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Cited In (10)

• On the number of odd values of the Klein \(j\)-function and the cubic partition function
• Parity of the coefficients of certain eta-quotients. II: The case of even-regular partitions
• Parity of the coefficients of certain eta-quotients
• The partition function of log-gases with multiple odd charges
• Proofs of some conjectures of Keith and Zanello on \(t\)-regular partition
• VALEURS IMPAIRES DE LA FONCTION DE PARTITION p(n)
• On the number of even values of an eta-quotient
• On the density of the odd values of the partition function. II: An infinite conjectural framework
• Deducing the positive odd density of \(p(n)\) from that of a multipartition function: an unconditional proof
• On the density of the odd values of the partition function and the \(t\)-multipartition function

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