Ecological invasion in competition-diffusion systems when the exotic species is either very strong or very weak

DOI10.1007/S00285-018-1256-4MaRDI QIDQ1789075zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Lorenzo Contento, Danielle Hilhorst, Masayasu Mimura

Publication date 9 October 2018

Published in Journal of Mathematical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.09982

zbMATH Keywords

comparison principlecompetition-diffusion systemcompetitive exclusionecological invasionlarge-time behavioursingular limit

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Comparison principles in context of PDEs (35B51) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Population dynamics (general) (92D25)

Abstract: Reaction-diffusion systems with a Lotka-Volterra-type reaction term, also known as competition-diffusion systems, have been used to investigate the dynamics of the competition among $m$ ecological species for a limited resource necessary to their survival and growth. Notwithstanding their rather simple mathematical structure, such systems may display quite interesting behaviours. In particular, while for $m=2$ no coexistence of the two species is usually possible, if $mge3$ we may observe coexistence of all or a subset of the species, sensitively depending on the parameter values. Such coexistence can take the form of very complex spatio-temporal patterns and oscillations. Unfortunately, at the moment there are no known tools for a complete analytical study of such systems for $mge3$. This means that establishing general criteria for the occurrence of coexistence appears to be very hard. In this paper we will instead give some criteria for the non-coexistence of species, motivated by the ecological problem of the invasion of an ecosystem by an exotic species. We will show that when the environment is very favourable to the invading species the invasion will always be successful and the native species will be driven to extinction. On the other hand, if the environment is not favourable enough, the invasion will always fail.

Review text

This paper treats mathematically to the situation of competing species located within one and the habitat that may be modelled as \(m\)-species competition-diffusion system (a kind of the reaction-diffusion model with a special reaction term, which describes competing of species for the same limited resources). The main focus of the work is on the asymptotic behaviour of one of these \(m\) species, which can be considered as an invader characterized by its growth rate \(r_m\). The authors consider rigorously two limiting cases: when \(r_m\) is small and when it is large in comparison with growth rates of other \(m-1\) species and prove analytically the ecologically-motivated conjectures that a strong invader (\(r_m\) is large) should replace weak native species, and, conversely, extinct if \(r_m\) is small.

Recommendations

• Invasion by an inferior or superior competitor: a diffusive competition model with a free boundary in a heterogeneous environment
• Advection-mediated coexistence of competing species
• Persistence and spread of solutions in a two-species Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion model with a shifting habitat
• The effect of competition on the neutral intraspecific diversity of invasive species
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Cites work

• Analytic semigroups and optimal regularity in parabolic problems
• Pattern formation in competition-diffusion systems in nonconvex domains
• Revising the role of species mobility in maintaining biodiversity in communities with cyclic competition
• The spatial homogeneity of stable equilibria of some reaction-diffusion systems on convex domains
• Two-dimensional traveling waves arising from planar front interaction in a three-species competition-diffusion system

Cited in

(16)

• Invasions with density-dependent ecological parameters
• Invasion dynamics of competing species with stage-structure
• Persistence of the weaker species in a non-homogeneous competitive system: Exact result through a quantum mechanical analogy
• Global dynamics of a reaction-diffusion malaria model
• Complex pattern formation driven by the interaction of stable fronts in a competition-diffusion system
• The effect of competition on the neutral intraspecific diversity of invasive species
• Does a larger carrying capacity for an exotic species allow environment invasion? Some considerations on the competition of red and grey squirrels
• Dynamics of a competitive population system with impulsive reduction of the invasive population
• Probabilities of extinction, weak extinction, permanence, and mutual exclusion in discrete, competitive, Lotka-Volterra systems that involve invading species
• Alien invasion into the buffer zone between two competing species
• Bifurcation of co-existing traveling wave solutions in a three-component competition-diffusion system
• Numerical study of the impact of directed migration of non-indigenous species on invasion scenarios
• The minimal invasion speed of two competing species in homogeneous environment
• Global dynamics of a chemotaxis system with toxicity in invasive species
• Daphnia species invasion, competitive exclusion, and chaotic coexistence
• Effect of resource based exotic goose species on native plant species competing with exotic grass: a model

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