A simple proof of a theorem of Jean Bourgain

Classical Banach spaces in the general theory (46B25) Linear operators belonging to operator ideals (nuclear, (p)-summing, in the Schatten-von Neumann classes, etc.) (47B10)

Abstract: We give a simple proof of Bourgain's disc algebra version of Grothendieck's theorem, i.e. that every operator on the disc algebra with values in

L_{1}

or

L_{2}

is 2-absolutely summing and hence extends to an operator defined on the whole of

C

. This implies Bourgain's result that

L_{1} / H^{1}

is of cotype 2. We also prove more generally that

L_{r} / H^{r}

is of cotype 2 for

0 < r < 1

.

Review text

An operator \(u\) between Banach spaces \(X\) and \(Y\) is 2-summing, if there is a constant \(C\) such that \[ \bigl(\sum \| u(x_ i)\|^ 2\bigr)^{1/2}\leq C\sup\bigl\{(\sum| x^*(x_ i)|^ 2)^{1/2}| \| x^*\|=1\bigr\} \] for arbitrary \(x_ 1,\dots,x_ r\in X\). \textit{J. Bourgain} has shown [Acta Math. 152, 1-48 (1984; Zbl 0574.46039)] that continuous operators from the disc algebra to the separable Hilbert space are always 2-summing and that the 2- summing norm for these operators is equivalent to the operator norm. In the present paper, a new proof is given. It relies on real interpolation results between \(H^ p\) spaces. Also generalizations and a number of consequences are discussed.

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