Noncommutative symmetric functions

DOI10.1006/AIMA.1995.1032MaRDI QIDQ1804810zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bernard Leclerc, Vladimir Retakh, Jean-Yves Thibon, I. M. Gel'fand, Daniel Krob, Alain Lascoux

Publication date 12 February 1996

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9407124

zbMATH Keywords

partitionsHopf algebraautomatatrigonometric functionsEulerian polynomialsnoncommutative symmetric functionsSchur functionsdescent algebragenerating seriesEulerian idempotentsnoncommutative rational functionsLie idempotentsgenerating power seriesquasi- determinantquasi-minorsribbon shaped diagramsPadé approximation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Theory of matrix inversion and generalized inverses (15A09) Symmetric functions and generalizations (05E05) Combinatorial aspects of representation theory (05E10) Determinants, permanents, traces, other special matrix functions (15A15) Algebraic theory of languages and automata (68Q70) Padé approximation (41A21)

Abstract: This paper presents a noncommutative theory of symmetric functions, based on the notion of quasi-determinant. We begin with a formal theory, corresponding to the case of symmetric functions in an infinite number of independent variables. This allows us to endow the resulting algebra with a Hopf structure, which leads to a new method for computing in descent algebras. It also gives unified reinterpretation of a number of classical constructions. Next, we study the noncommutative analogs of symmetric polynomials. One arrives at different constructions, according to the particular kind of application under consideration. For example, when a polynomial with noncommutative coefficients in one central variable is decomposed as a product of linear factors, the roots of these factors differ from those of the expanded polynomial. Thus, according to whether one is interested in the construction of a polynomial with given roots or in the expansion of a product of linear factors, one has to consider two distinct specializations of the formal symmetric functions. A third type appears when one looks for a noncommutative generalization of applications related to the notion of characteristic polynomial of a matrix. This construction can be applied, for instance, to the noncommutative matrices formed by the generators of the universal enveloping algebra $U(g{l}_n)$ or of

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