Imaginary vectors in the dual canonical basis of U_q( n)

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Publication:1811263



Abstract: Let n be the maximal nilpotent subalgebra of a simple complex Lie algebra g. We introduce the notion of imaginary vector in the dual canonical basis of Uq(n), and we give examples of such vectors for types An(nge5), Bn(nge3), Cn(nge3), Dn(nge4), and all exceptional types. This disproves a conjecture of Berenstein and Zelevinsky about q-commuting products of vectors of the dual canonical basis. It also shows the existence of finite-dimensional irreducible representations of quantum affine algebras whose tensor square is not irreducible.


If \(\mathfrak{g}\) is a simple Lie algebra over \(\mathbb C\), \(\mathfrak{n}\) a maximal nilpotent subalgebra of \(\mathfrak{g}\), let \(\mathbf B\) be the canonical basis of \(U_q(\mathfrak{n})\) and \({\mathbf B}^{\ast}\) the dual basis with respect to the natural scalar product in \(U_q(\mathfrak{n})\). Berenstein and Zelevinsky had conjectured that the product \(b_1b_2\) is of the form \(q^mb\), for \(b_1,b_2,b\in{\mathbf B}^{\ast}\) if and only if \(b_1\) and \(b_2\) \(q\)-commute. This would imply that \(b_1^2\) is always of the form \(q^mb\), for \(b_1 \in {\mathbf B}^{\ast}\). Such vectors are called \textit{real}, otherwise they are called \textit{imaginary}. The paper shows that there are imaginary vectors except when \(\mathfrak{g}\) if of type \(A_1,A_2,A_3,A_4,B_2\). The author uses this to exhibit an explicit irreducible representation \(V\) for \(U_q(\hat{sl}_N)\) such that \(V\otimes V\) is not irreducible.



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