Convergence theorems for rows of differential and algebraic Hermite- Padé approximations

First the authors give results on the existence and asymptotic behaviour for \(L\to \infty\) of Latin polynomials (type I or Hermite-Padé polynomials) \(Q_ 0,Q_ 1,...,Q_ k\), P with deg \(Q_ j\leq m_ j\), deg \(P\leq L\) satisfying \(\sum^{k}_{j=0}Q_ j(z)f^{j+1}(z)-P(z)=O (z^{L+M+1})\) (algebraic H-P polynomials) or \(\sum^{k}_{j=0}Q_ j(z)f^{(j+1)}(z)-P(z)=O (z^{L+M+1})\) (differential H-P polynomials) where \(M=\sum^{k}_{j=0}(m_ j+1)-1\). Replacing f by y, the O-term by zero and solving the equation, algebraic - resp. differential - Hermite- Padé approximants are introduced and for these a de Montessus de Ballore type theorem is proved (L\(\to \infty)\) under fairly mild conditions. It turns out that under these conditions (as is customary) all sequences of polynomials converge separately to an essentially unique algebraic- or differential-multiplier consisting of H-P polynomials. Also theorems on the speed of convergence (on compact sets) are given. This paper is an important step in taming the H-P table!

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