Throughout this paper, the field of definition is an algebraically closed field \(k\) of any characteristic. Let \(X\) be a smooth projective irreducible surface and let \(L\) be an ample line bundle on \(X\). Then the pair \((X,L)\) is called a polarized surface. Let \(\mathcal{B}\) be an irreducible (non-empty) noetherian scheme, \(f:\mathcal{X}\to\mathcal{B}\) a surjective morphism, and \(\mathcal{L}\) an \(f\)-ample invertible sheaf on \(\mathcal{X}\). Then \((f:\mathcal{X}\to \mathcal{B},\mathcal{L})\) is called a family of polarized surfaces if for any \(t\in\mathcal{B}\) the fiber \((\mathcal{X}_{t},\mathcal{L}_{t})\) is a polarized surface. Let \((X,L)\) be a polarized surface of degree \(d:=L^{2}\). For a given point \(x\in X\), the local Seshadri constant \(\varepsilon(L,x)\) of \((X,L)\) at \(x\) is defined to be \(\varepsilon(L,x):=\text{inf}_{C\ni x}(L.C)/m_{x}(C)\), where \(m_{x}(C)\) is the multiplicity of \(C\) at \(x\). The global Seshadri constant \(\varepsilon(L)\) is defined to be \(\varepsilon(L):=\text{inf}_{x\in X}\varepsilon(L,x)\). The aim of this paper is to study local and global Seshadri constants for a family of polarized surfaces. First the author proves the following finiteness theorem: Let \((f:\mathcal{X}\to \mathcal{B},\mathcal{L})\) be a family of polarized surfaces of degree \(d\) and set \(\Sigma:=\{ \varepsilon(\mathcal{L}_{t},x_{t})\;| \;t\in \mathcal{B}, x_{t}\in \mathcal{X}_{t} \}\). Then, for each given number \(\alpha\in R\) such that \(\alpha<\sqrt{d}\), the set \(\Sigma\cap (0,\alpha]\) is finite. As a corollary of this result, the following is obtained: Let \((X,L)\) be a polarized surface of degree \(d\). Then \(\varepsilon(L)\in \mathbb{Q}\) unless \(\varepsilon(L)=\sqrt{d}\) and \(\sqrt{d}\not\in \mathbb{Z}\). In particular, \(\varepsilon(L)\in \mathbb{Q}\) if \(\sqrt{d}\in \mathbb{Z}\). Then the author proves the following closedness theorem. Let \((f:\mathcal{X}\to \mathcal{B},\mathcal{L})\) be a family of polarized surfaces of degree \(d\) and set \(\mathcal{X}(a):=\{ x_{t}\;| \;t\in \mathcal{B}, x_{t}\in \mathcal{X}_{t}, \varepsilon(\mathcal{L}_{t},x_{t})\leq a \}\), where \(a\) is any real number. Then \(\mathcal{X}(a)\) is Zariski closed in \(\mathcal{X}\). The author also gives several corollaries of this theorem.
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