The quasilinearization method for boundary value problems on time scales

DOI10.1016/S0022-247X(02)00466-3MaRDI QIDQ1856985zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ferhan M. Atıcı, Paul W. Eloe, Billûr Kaymakçalan

Publication date 11 February 2003

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-247x(02)00466-3

boundary value problem quasilinearization time scale

Theoretical approximation of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34A45) Nonlocal and multipoint boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B10) Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Difference equations, scaling ((q)-differences) (39A13)

Review text

The authors consider second-order scalar dynamic equations \[ -y^{\Delta\nabla}(t)+q(t)y(t)=f(t,y(t))+g(t,y(t)),\quad t\in[a,b]\cap{\mathbb{T}},\tag{*} \] on a time scale \({\mathbb{T}}\) under the periodic boundary conditions \(y(\rho(a))=y(b)\), \(y^\Delta(\rho(a))=y^\Delta(b)\), as well as under separated boundary conditions \(y(\rho(a))=A\), \(y(\sigma(b))=B\). Here, \(\sigma,\rho\) denote the forward and backward jump operators, respectively, \(y^\Delta\) stands for the \(\Delta\)-derivative, \(y^\nabla\) for the \(\nabla\)-derivative of a real-valued mapping \(y\) and \(q(t)\geq 0\) is continuous. Under the assumption that so-called coupled lower and upper solutions \(\alpha_0,\beta_0\) to \((\ast)\) exist, a uniqueness result for the solutions to the periodic boundary value problem is given, in case \(g(t,\cdot)\) is strictly increasing and \(f(t,\cdot)\) satisfies a one-sided Lipschitz condition. Furthermore, if \(f\) and \(g\) satisfy a certain convexity and concavity condition, respectively, the authors show in their main result that there exist monotone sequences of coupled lower and upper solutions \((\alpha_n)\), \((\beta_n)\) converging uniformly to the unique solution to \((\ast)\) with periodic boundary conditions. Two corollaries simplify the requirements on the mappings \(f\) and \(g\). A third corollary states that the convergence of the sequences \((\alpha_n)\), \((\beta_n)\) is quadratic, and two examples illustrate the obtained results. Finally, without proof, analogous results are stated in the situation of separated boundary conditions.

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