Walks confined in a quadrant are not always D-finite

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Publication:1885016

DOI10.1016/S0304-3975(03)00219-6zbMATH Open1070.68112arXivmath/0211432OpenAlexW2081302100MaRDI QIDQ1885016FDOQ1885016


Authors: Mireille Bousquet-Mélou, Marko Petkovšek Edit this on Wikidata


Publication date: 27 October 2004

Published in: Theoretical Computer Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider planar lattice walks that start from a prescribed position, take their steps in a given finite subset of Z^2, and always stay in the quadrant x >= 0, y >= 0. We first give a criterion which guarantees that the length generating function of these walks is D-finite, that is, satisfies a linear differential equation with polynomial coefficients. This criterion applies, among others, to the ordinary square lattice walks. Then, we prove that walks that start from (1,1), take their steps in {(2,-1), (-1,2)} and stay in the first quadrant have a non-D-finite generating function. Our proof relies on a functional equation satisfied by this generating function, and on elementary complex analysis.


Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0211432




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