Green's relations in the matrix semigroup M_ n(S)

Algebraic systems of matrices (15A30) Free semigroups, generators and relations, word problems (20M05) Mappings of semigroups (20M15) Semigroups of transformations, relations, partitions, etc. (20M20)

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Let \(\mathbb{R}_+\) be the set of all nonnegative real numbers. A subset \(S\) of \(\mathbb{R}_+\) is called a strong ideal subset if \(0, 1 \in S\), \(S\) is closed under addition and multiplication, and \((1-x)^{-1} \in S\) for any \(x \in S\) with \(x < 1\). Let \(M_n(S)\) be the semigroup of all \(n \times n\)-matrices over a strong ideal subset \(S\). For \(A, B \in M_n(S)\), define Green's equivalences: \(A {\mathcal R} B \Leftrightarrow A = BX\) and \(B =AY\), for some \(X, Y \in M_n(S)\); \(A {\mathcal L} B \Leftrightarrow A = XB\) and \(B = YA\), for some \(X, Y \in M_n(S)\); \(A {\mathcal H} B \Leftrightarrow A {\mathcal R} B\) and \(A {\mathcal L} B\); \(A {\mathcal D} B \Leftrightarrow A {\mathcal R} C\) and \(C {\mathcal L} B\), for some \(C \in M_n(S)\); \(A {\mathcal G} B \Leftrightarrow A = X_1 BY_1\) and \(B = X_2 AY_2\), for some \(X_i, Y_i \in M_n(S)\). The authors characterize the structures of \({\mathcal R}\), \({\mathcal L}\), \(\mathcal D\) and \({\mathcal H}\) classes in \(M_n(S)\), and prove that \({\mathcal G} = {\mathcal D}\) in \(M_n (S^*)\) where \(S^*\) is any strong ideal subset of \(\mathbb{R}_+\) which has no elements less than 1 except 0. The results in this paper generalize not only the corresponding known results in the semigroup \(M_n(\mathbb{R}_+)\), but are also useful for the study of the theory of matrices.

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