Examples of symmetric differential operators with infinite deficiency indices on the line
Let \(H\) be the minimal symmetric operator on \(L^2 (\mathbb{R})\) corresponding to the differential expression \(s_{2n} [f] = ( - 1)^n (q(x)f^{(n)})^{(n)}\); \(n \geq 1\), with real coefficient \(q(x)\), \(x \in R\), and let \(d (\mathbb{R})\) denote the deviciency index of \(H\) in the open upper (or lower) complex half-plane. Examples of operators \(H\) with infinite deficiency indices are indicated considering an arbitrary trigonometric polynomial (1) \(q(x) = {a_0 \over 2} + \sum^\ell_{ k = 1} (a_k \cos kx + b_k \sin kx)\), \(1 \leq \ell < \infty\), and its associated algebraic polynomial (2) \(P(\lambda) = \sum^{\ell - 1}_{k = 0} c_{\ell - k} \lambda^k + c_0 \lambda^\ell + \sum^{2 \ell} _{k = \ell + 1} c_{k - \ell} \lambda^k\), \(c_0 = a_0\), \(c_k = a_i - ib_k\), \(1 \leq k \leq \ell\), and starting from the following theorem: Theorem 1. Let the operator \(H\) correspond to a coefficient \(q(x)\) of the form (1). Suppose that all roots \(\lambda\) of the algebra polynomial (2) satisfy the condition \(|\lambda |= 1\) and let \(p\) be the maximum order of these roots. Then \(d(\mathbb{R}) = \infty\) if \(n \geq p\).
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