Verdier specialization via weak factorization

DOI10.1007/S11512-011-0164-2MaRDI QIDQ1944762zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 27 March 2013

Published in Arkiv för Matematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2483

Cartier divisors Chern classes constructible functions divisors with normal crossings intersection theory monodromy decomposition motivic group motivic Milnor fiber weak factorization

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Intersection theory, characteristic classes, intersection multiplicities in algebraic geometry (14C17) Applications of methods of algebraic (K)-theory in algebraic geometry (14C35) Global theory and resolution of singularities (algebro-geometric aspects) (14E15) Modifications; resolution of singularities (complex-analytic aspects) (32S45)

Abstract: Let X in V be a closed embedding, with V - X nonsingular. We define a constructible function on X, agreeing with Verdier's specialization of the constant function 1 when X is the zero-locus of a function on V. Our definition is given in terms of an embedded resolution of X; the independence on the choice of resolution is obtained as a consequence of the weak factorization theorem of Abramovich et al. The main property of the specialization function is a compatibility with the specialization of the Chern class of the complement V-X. With the definition adopted here, this is an easy consequence of standard intersection theory. It recovers Verdier's result when X is the zero-locus of a function on V. Our definition has a straightforward counterpart in a motivic group. The specialization function and the corresponding Chern class and motivic aspect all have natural `monodromy' decompositions, for for any X in V as above. The definition also yields an expression for Kai Behrend's constructible function when applied to (the singularity subscheme of) the zero-locus of a function on V.

Review text

Let \(V\) be a variety and \(X\subset V\) a proper closed subscheme with the nonsingular complement. Consider a proper birational morphism \(f: W\rightarrow V\) such that \(W\) is nonsingular, \(D=f^{-1}(X)\) is a divisor with normal crossings and nonsingular components, and the restriction \(f|_{W\setminus D}\) is an isomorphism. The function \(\psi_{X,V}\) is defined to be the push-forward of \(\psi_{D,W},\) where \(\psi_{D,W}(p) = m\) if \(p\) is contained on a single component of \(D\) of multiplicity \(m,\) and \(\psi_{X,V}(p) = 0\) otherwise. The author discusses main properties of \(\psi_{X,V}\) in connection with some aspects of the theory of \textit{J.-L. Verdier} [Astérisque 82-83, 149--159 (1981; Zbl 0479.14013)]. For example, the function \(\psi_{X,V}\) is constructible and does not depend on the resolution in view of the weak factorization theorem. Next, \(\psi_{X,V}\) is compatible with the specialization of the Chern class of the complement \(V\setminus X\) in the Chow group, that is, \(c_{SM}(\psi_{X,V}) = i^*c_{SM}({\mathbf 1}_{V\setminus X}),\) where \(c_{SM}\) denotes the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class of constructible functions, \({\mathbf 1}_{V\setminus X} = {\mathbf 1}_V - {\mathbf 1}_X\) is the constant function, and \(i: X \hookrightarrow V\) is an effective Cartier divisor; this is a consequence of the intersection theory. Furthermore, the function \(\psi_{X,V}\) is birationally invariant in a certain weak sense, etc. The author also considers the corresponding motivic invariant \(\Psi_{X,V}\) defined in a suitable quotient of the Grothendieck ring of varieties. The class \(\Psi_{X,V}\) admits a natural monodromy decomposition; if \(X\) is the zero-set of a function on \(V\) then \(\Psi_{X,V}\) can be regarded as the motivic Milnor or nearby fiber in the sense [\textit{J. Denef} and \textit{F. Loeser}, in: Casacuberta, Carles (ed.) et al., 3rd European congress of mathematics (ECM), Barcelona, Spain, July 10-14, 2000. Volume I. Basel: Birkhäuser. Prog. Math. 201, 327--348 (2001; Zbl 1079.14003)], and so on. The paper contains a number of interesting examples explaining main features of the theory.

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