Universal polynomials for Severi degrees of toric surfaces

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2013.01.002MaRDI QIDQ1946789zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Federico Ardila, Florian Block

Publication date 16 April 2013

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1012.5305

zbMATH Keywords

enumerative geometryGromov-Witten theorynode polynomialsSeveri degreestoric surfaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Enumerative problems (combinatorial problems) in algebraic geometry (14N10) Gromov-Witten invariants, quantum cohomology, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants (algebro-geometric aspects) (14N35) Polyhedra and polytopes; regular figures, division of spaces (51M20)

Abstract: The Severi variety parameterizes plane curves of degree d with delta nodes. Its degree is called the Severi degree. For large enough d, the Severi degrees coincide with the Gromov-Witten invariants of P^2. Fomin and Mikhalkin (2009) proved the 1995 conjecture that, for fixed delta, Severi degrees are eventually polynomial in d. In this paper, we study the Severi varieties corresponding to a large family of toric surfaces. We prove the analogous result that the Severi degrees are eventually polynomial as a function of the multidegree. More surprisingly, we show that the Severi degrees are also eventually polynomial "as a function of the surface". We illustrate our theorems by explicit computing, for a small number of nodes, the Severi degree of any large enough Hirzebruch surface and of a singular surface. Our strategy is to use tropical geometry to express Severi degrees in terms of Brugalle and Mikhalkin's floor diagrams, and study those combinatorial objects in detail. An important ingredient in the proof is the polynomiality of the discrete volume of a variable facet-unimodular polytope.

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Cited in

(20)

• Severi degrees on toric surfaces
• Relative node polynomials for plane curves
• Counts of (tropical) curves in \(E \times \mathbb{P}^1\) and Feynman integrals
• Counting tropical rational curves with cross-ratio constraints
• Floor diagrams relative to a conic, and GW-W invariants of Del Pezzo surfaces
• Local Euler obstructions of toric varieties
• A note on the Severi problem for toric surfaces
• Refined curve counting with tropical geometry
• Genus 0 characteristic numbers of the~tropical~projective plane
• A combinatorial analysis of Severi degrees
• Relative node polynomials for plane curves
• Tropical Severi varieties
• Counting curves on Hirzebruch surfaces: tropical geometry and the Fock space
• Polynomiality properties of tropical refined invariants
• A Fock space approach to Severi degrees
• Universal polynomials for Severi degrees of toric surfaces
• q-floor diagrams computing refined Severi degrees for plane curves
• Arithmetic counts of tropical plane curves and their properties
• Universal polynomials for tropical refined invariants in genus 0
• A Fock space approach to Severi degrees of Hirzebruch surfaces

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