On the classification of abelian extensions

Homological methods in Lie (super)algebras (17B55) Cohomology of Lie (super)algebras (17B56) Groupoids, semigroupoids, semigroups, groups (viewed as categories) (18B40) Ext and Tor, generalizations, Künneth formula (category-theoretic aspects) (18G15) Nonabelian homological algebra (category-theoretic aspects) (18G50)

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The article sheds some new light on the theory of abelian extensions of Lie algebras. Namely, it is well known that the set \(\text{AbExt}({\mathfrak g},M)\) of equivalence classes of abelian extensions \[ 0\to M\overset{i} \rightarrow E\overset{\pi}\rightarrow{\mathfrak g} 0 \] of a Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\) by a \({\mathfrak g}\)-module \(M\) is in bijection to the cohomology space \(H^2({\mathfrak g},M)\). Instead of Lie algebras over a field \(k\), the author places himself in a strict symmetric monoidal closed abelian category linear over a field \(k\) of characteristic zero admitting certain colimits. The goal of the article is twofold: lift the above bijection to groupoid level (\(\text{AbExt}({\mathfrak g},M)\) is a groupoid !), and get rid of the non-canonical choice of a section which usually serves to establish this bijection. For this, the author replaces \[ H^2({\mathfrak g},M)\,=\,\text{Ext}^2_{U{\mathfrak g}}(k,M)\,=\, \text{Ext}^1_{U{\mathfrak g}}(U{\mathfrak g}_+,M), \] (where the last isomorphism follows using the augmentation sequence \[ 0\to U{\mathfrak g}_+\to U{\mathfrak g}\to k\to 0) \] by the groupoid \({\mathbf E}{\mathbf X}{\mathbf T}_{U{\mathfrak g}}(U{\mathfrak g}_+,M)\) of extensions of the type \[ 0\to M\overset{\kappa}\rightarrow E\overset{\sigma}\rightarrow U{\mathfrak g}_{+} 0. \] The main result is then an equivalence of categories of \(\text{AbExt}({\mathfrak g},M)\) and \({\mathbf E}{\mathbf X}{\mathbf T}_{U{\mathfrak g}}(U{\mathfrak g}_+,M)\). The functors \[ {\mathtt E}:\text{AbExt}({\mathfrak g},M){\gets} {\mathbf E}{\mathbf X}{\mathbf T}_{U{\mathfrak g}}(U{\mathfrak g}_+,M) :{\mathtt F} \] inducing this equivalence are not so well-known: the functor \({\mathtt E}\) takes the cone of \(i\) which is a differential graded Lie algebra \({\mathfrak G}\) such that \(U{\mathfrak G}\) is a resolution of \(U{\mathfrak g}\). Chopping it into short exact sequences, and identifying a morphism to \(M\), one pushes out an extension of \(U{\mathfrak g}_+\) by \(M\). For \({\mathtt F}\), the author constructs an algebra structure on \(E\) and obtains therefore an underlying Lie bracket on \(E\) and on the pullback to \({\mathfrak g}\subset U{\mathfrak g}_+\). In Section 4, the author shows the compatibility of the functors \({\mathtt E}\) and \({\mathtt F}\) with the monoidal structure induced from the Baer sum on the two groupoids of extensions. The article is well-written and contains interesting new ideas.

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