Strictly positive definite functions on the complex Hilbert sphere
Let \( S^\infty\) be the unit sphere of the complex sequence space \(\ell^2.\) The authors consider the functions \( f: \overline{D}= \{z\in \mathbb C:|z|\leq 1\}\rightarrow\mathbb C,\) which are (strictly) positive of order \(n\) on \( S^\infty.\) By a result of \textit{J. P. R. Christensen} and \textit{P. Ressel} [Math. Z. 180, 193-201 (1982; Zbl 0890.42010)] a positive definite function is of the form: \[ f(z)=\sum_{\mu,\nu=0}^\infty a_{\mu,\nu} z^\mu\overline{z}^\nu, a_{\mu,\nu}\geq 0, \sum_{\mu,\nu}^\infty a_{\mu,\nu}<\infty. \] Let \( K_f:=\{(\mu,\nu): a_{\mu,\nu}>0\}.\) A subset \( K \) of \( \mathbb Z_+^2 \) is said to induce strict positive definiteness, (SPD for short) of order \(n\) on \( S^\infty,\) if every positive definite function \( f \) on \( S^\infty,\) for which \( K_f=K \) is SPD of order \(n\) on \( S^\infty.\) The authors obtain several equivalent conditions for SPD on \( S^\infty \) in terms of the existence of multivariate polynomial interpolation on finite dimensional spheres contained in \( S^\infty.\) Using a modified scheme of a known result on multivariate interpolation the authors prove that the set \( \{(\mu,\nu):\mu+\nu\leq n\}\) induces SPD of order \(n\) on \(S^\infty.\) Other sufficient conditions for SPD are also presented.
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