Monopole and instanton effects in QCD

DOI10.1007/JHEP09(2020)113zbMATH Open1497.81098arXiv1807.04808OpenAlexW3098711400MaRDI QIDQ1995133FDOQ1995133

Masayasu Hasegawa

Publication date: 18 February 2021

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We aim to show the effects of the magnetic monopoles and instantons in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) on observables; therefore, we introduce a monopole and anti-monopole pair in the QCD vacuum of a quenched SU(3) by applying the monopole creation operator to the vacuum. We calculate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the overlap Dirac operator that preserves the exact chiral symmetry in lattice gauge theory using these QCD vacua. We then investigate the effects of magnetic monopoles and instantons. First, we confirm the monopole effects as follows: (i) The monopole creation operator makes the monopoles and anti-monopoles in the QCD vacuum. (ii) A monopole and anti-monopole pair creates an instanton or anti-instanton without changing the structure of the QCD vacuum. (iii) The monopole and anti-monopole pairs change only the scale of the spectrum distribution without affecting the spectra of the Dirac operator by comparing the spectra with random matrix theory. Next, we find the instanton effects by increasing the number density of the instantons and anti-instantons as follows: (iv) The decay constants of the pseudoscalar increase. (v) The values of the chiral condensate, which are defined as negative numbers, decrease. (vi) The light quarks and the pseudoscalar mesons become heavy. The catalytic effect on the charged pion is estimated using the numerical results of the pion decay constant and the pion mass. (vii) The decay width of the charged pion becomes wider than the experimental result, and the lifetime of the charged pion becomes shorter than the experimental result. These are the effects of the monopoles and instantons in QCD.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.04808

zbMATH Keywords

instantonssolitonslattice QCDlattice quantum field theoryspontaneous symmetry breakingmonopoles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05)

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Cited In (4)

• Instanton and Monopole in External Chromomagnetic Fields
• Why instantons are monopoles
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• EFFECTIVE 't HOOFT–POLYAKOV MONOPOLES FROM PURE SU(3) GAUGE THEORY

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