The spectrum of delay differential equations with multiple hierarchical large delays

DOI10.3934/DCDSS.2020321MaRDI QIDQ1995408zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Stefan Ruschel, S. Yanchuk

Publication date 23 February 2021

Published in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series S (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.00404

zbMATH Keywords

multiple delayslarge delaylinear delay differential equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Linear functional-differential equations (34K06) Stability theory of functional-differential equations (34K20) Spectral theory of functional-differential operators (34K08)

Abstract: We prove that the spectrum of the linear delay differential equation $x^{\prime }(t)=A_{0}x(t)+A_{1}x(t-a{u}_1)+ldots+A_{n}x(t-a{u}_n)$ with multiple hierarchical large delays $1lla{u}_{1}lla{u}_{2}llldotslla{u}_n$ splits into two distinct parts: the strong spectrum and the pseudo-continuous spectrum. As the delays tend to infinity, the strong spectrum converges to specific eigenvalues of $A_0$, the so-called asymptotic strong spectrum. Eigenvalues in the pseudo-continuous spectrum however, converge to the imaginary axis. We show that after rescaling, the pseudo-continuous spectrum exhibits a hierarchical structure corresponding to the time-scales $a{u}_1,a{u}_2,ldots,a{u}_n.$ Each level of this hierarchy is approximated by spectral manifolds that can be easily computed. The set of spectral manifolds comprises the so-called asymptotic continuous spectrum. It is shown that the position of the asymptotic strong spectrum and asymptotic continuous spectrum with respect to the imaginary axis completely determines stability. In particular, a generic destabilization is mediated by the crossing of an $n$-dimensional spectral manifold corresponding to the timescale $a{u}_n$.

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Cited in

(7)

• Absolute stability and absolute hyperbolicity in systems with discrete time-delays
• Pulse-adding of temporal dissipative solitons: resonant homoclinic points and the orbit flip of case B with delay
• A delay equation model for the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
• Universal bifurcation scenarios in delay-differential equations with one delay
• Spectrum and amplitude equations for scalar delay-differential equations with large delay
• SPECTRA OF DELAY EQUATIONS
• The spectrum of delay differential equations with large delay

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