Gauge theory and G₂-geometry on Calabi-Yau links

Calabi-Yau theory (complex-analytic aspects) (32Q25) Milnor fibration; relations with knot theory (32S55) Special connections and metrics on vector bundles (Hermite-Einstein, Yang-Mills) (53C07) Special Riemannian manifolds (Einstein, Sasakian, etc.) (53C25) Specialized structures on manifolds (spin manifolds, framed manifolds, etc.) (57R15) Topology and geometry of orbifolds (57R18)

Abstract: The

7

-dimensional link

K

of a weighted homogeneous hypersurface on the round

9

-sphere in

m a t h b b C^{5}

has a nontrivial null Sasakian structure which is contact Calabi-Yau, in many cases. It admits a canonical co-closed

m G_{2}

-structure

v a r p h i

induced by the Calabi-Yau

3

-orbifold basic geometry. We distinguish these pairs

(K, v a r p h i)

by the Crowley-Nordstr"om

m a t h b b Z_{48}

-valued

u

invariant, for which we prove odd parity and provide an algorithmic formula. We describe moreover a natural Yang-Mills theory on such spaces, with many important features of the torsion-free case, such as a Chern-Simons formalism and topological energy bounds. In fact compatible

m G_{2}

-instantons on holomorphic Sasakian bundles over

K

are exactly the transversely Hermitian Yang-Mills connections. As a proof of principle, we obtain

m G_{2}

-instantons over the Fermat quintic link from stable bundles over the smooth projective Fermat quintic, thus relating in a concrete example the Donaldson-Thomas theory of the quintic threefold with a conjectural

m G_{2}

-instanton count.

Review text

Summary: The 7-dimensional link \(K\) of a weighted homogeneous hypersurface on the round 9-sphere in \(\mathbb{C}^5\) has a nontrivial null Sasakian structure which is contact Calabi-Yau, in many cases. It admits a canonical co-calibrated \(\mathrm{G}_2\)-structure \(\varphi\) induced by the Calabi-Yau 3-orbifold basic geometry. We distinguish these pairs \((K,\varphi)\) by the Crowley-Nordström \(\mathbb{Z}_{48} \)-valued \(\nu\) invariant, for which we prove odd parity and provide an algorithmic formula. We describe moreover a natural Yang-Mills theory on such spaces, with many important features of the torsion-free case, such as a Chern-Simons formalism and topological energy bounds. In fact, compatible \(\mathrm{G}_2\)-instantons on holomorphic Sasakian bundles over \(K\) are exactly the transversely Hermitian Yang-Mills connections. As a proof of principle, we obtain \(\mathrm{G}_2\)-instantons over the Fermat quintic link from stable bundles over the smooth projective Fermat quintic, thus relating in a concrete example the Donaldson-Thomas theory of the quintic threefold with a conjectural \(\mathrm{G}_2\)-instanton count.

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