Uniqueness and stability of the saddle-shaped solution to the fractional Allen-Cahn equation

DOI10.4171/RMI/1185zbMATH Open1460.35152arXiv1810.08483OpenAlexW2896786915MaRDI QIDQ1998686FDOQ1998686

Tomás Sanz-Perela, Juan Carlos Felipe-Navarro

Publication date: 7 March 2021

Published in: Revista Matemática Iberoamericana (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper we prove the uniqueness of the saddle-shaped solution to the semilinear nonlocal elliptic equation $(-Delta{)}^{g}ammau=f(u)$ in $mathbb{R}^{2m}$, where $gammain(0,1)$ and $f$ is of Allen-Cahn type. Moreover, we prove that this solution is stable whenever $2mgeq14$. As a consequence of this result and the connection of the problem with nonlocal minimal surfaces, we show that the Simons cone $(x^{\prime },x^{″})inmathbb{R}^{m}imesmathbb{R}^m:|x^{\prime }|=|x^{″}|$ is a stable nonlocal $(2gamma)$-minimal surface in dimensions $2mgeq14$. Saddle-shaped solutions of the fractional Allen-Cahn equation are doubly radial, odd with respect to the Simons cone, and vanish only in this set. It was known that these solutions exist in all even dimensions and are unstable in dimensions $2$, $4$ and $6$. Thus, after our result, the stability remains an open problem only in dimensions $8$, $10$, and $12$. The importance of studying this type of solution is due to its relation with the fractional version of a conjecture by De Giorgi. Saddle-shaped solutions are the simplest non 1D candidates to be global minimizers in high dimensions, a property not yet established in any dimension.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.08483

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zbMATH Keywords

stabilityfractional Allen-Cahn equationnonlocal minimal surfacessaddle-shaped solutionSimons cone

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Entire solutions to PDEs (35B08) Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Semilinear elliptic equations (35J61) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11)

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Cited In (4)

• Nondegeneracy of the saddle solution of the Allen-Cahn equation
• Nonlocal minimal surfaces: recent developments, applications, and future directions
• Semilinear integro-differential equations. II: One-dimensional and saddle-shaped solutions to the Allen-Cahn equation
• Stable \(s\)-minimal cones in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) are flat for \(s \sim 1\)

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