Adapted sequences and polyhedral realizations of crystal bases for highest weight modules

Abstract: The polyhedral realizations for crystal bases of the integrable highest weight modules of

U_{q} (m a t h f r a k g)

have been introduced in ([T.Nakashima, J. Algebra, vol.219, no. 2, (1999)]), which describe the crystal bases as sets of lattice points in the infinite

m a t h b b Z

-lattice

m a t h b b Z^{i n f t y}

given by some system of linear inequalities, where

m a t h f r a k g

is a symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebra. To construct the polyhedral realization, we need to fix an infinite sequence

i o t a

from the indices of the simple roots. If the pair (

i o t a

,

l a m b d a

) (

l a m b d a

: a dominant integral weight) satisfies the `ample' condition then there are some procedure to calculate the sets of linear inequalities. In this article, we show that if

i o t a

is an adapted sequence (defined in our paper [Y.Kanakubo, T.Nakashima, arXiv:1904.10919]) then the pair (

i o t a

,

l a m b d a

) satisfies the ample condition for any dominant integral weight

l a m b d a

in the case

m a t h f r a k g

is a classical Lie algebra. Furthermore, we reveal the explicit forms of the polyhedral realizations of the crystal bases

B (l a m b d a)

associated with arbitrary adapted sequences

i o t a

in terms of column tableaux. As an application, we will give a combinatorial description of the function

v a r e p s i l o n_{i}^{*}

on the crystal base

B (i n f t y)

.

Review text

The \textit{polyhedral realization} is a combinatorial model to realize the \(U_q(\mathfrak{g})\)-crystals \(B(\infty)\) and \(B(\lambda)\) for a dominant integral weight \(\lambda\) [\textit{T. Nakashima} and \textit{A. Zelevinsky}, Adv. Math. 131, No. 1, 253--278 (1997; Zbl 0897.17014)] and [\textit{T. Nakashima}, J. Algebra 219, No. 2, 571--597 (1999; Zbl 0967.17011)]. This realization is described as an image of the \textit{Kashiwara embedding} \(\Psi_\iota: B(\infty) \hookrightarrow \mathbb{Z}_\iota^\infty\) (resp.\ \(\Psi_\iota^\lambda: B(\lambda) \hookrightarrow \mathbb{Z}_\iota^\infty[\lambda]\)), where \(\iota\) is an infinite sequence of entries in the index set \(I\) and \(\mathbb{Z}_\iota^\infty\) (resp.\ \(\mathbb{Z}_\iota^\infty[\lambda]\)) is an infinite \(\mathbb{Z}\)-lattice with a certain crystal structure determined by \(\iota\) (resp.\ \(\iota\) and \(\lambda\)). In the theory of polyhedral realizations, it is important to find an infinite sequence \(\iota\) to give simple and easy descriptions of the images \( \mathrm{Im}(\Psi_\iota)\) and \(\mathrm{Im}(\Psi_\iota^\lambda)\) as subsets of the infinite \(\mathbb{Z}\)-lattice. In the paper under review, when \(\mathfrak{g}\) is of a classical finite type, the authors prove that if the infinite sequence \(\iota\) satisfies the \textit{adaptedness condition}, then the pair \((\iota, \lambda)\) is \textit{ample} for any dominant integral weight. Under the ample condition on \((\iota, \lambda)\), there exists an algorithm to calculate \(\mathrm{Im}(\Psi_\iota^\lambda)\) ([T.~Nakashima, J. Algebra 219, No. 2, 571--597 (1999; Zbl 0967.17011)]). The authors also give an explicit description of the image \(\mathrm{Im}(\Psi_\iota^\lambda)\) and the value of \(\varepsilon_i^*\) in terms of column tableaux. This paper is a follow-up study to the previous author's paper [\textit{Y. Kanakubo} and \textit{T. Nakashima}, Commun. Algebra 48, No. 11, 4732--4766 (2020; Zbl 1484.17023)].

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