Hibi algebras and representation theory

affine semigroups algebras with straightening laws distributive lattices Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns Hibi algebras polynomial representations of the general linear groups Young tableaux

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of representation theory (05E10) Actions of groups on commutative rings; invariant theory (13A50) Rings with straightening laws, Hodge algebras (13F50) Representation theory for linear algebraic groups (20G05)

Abstract: This paper gives a survey on the relation between Hibi algebras and representation theory. The notion of Hodge algebras or algebras with straightening laws has been proved to be very useful to describe the structure of many important algebras in classical invariant theory and representation theory. In particular, a special type of such algebras introduced by Hibi provides a nice bridge between combinatorics and representation theory of classical groups. We will examine certain poset structures of Young tableaux and affine monoids, Hibi algebras in toric degenerations of flag varieties, and their relations to polynomial representations of the complex general linear group.

Review text

This survey starts by introducing the distributive lattice \(L_n\) of column Young tableaux, the Gelfand-Tsetlin poset \(\Gamma_n\), and the monoid \(S_n\) of Gelfand-Tsetlin patterns. The notion of Hibi algebras provides a bridge between them. Namely, the Hibi algebra on \(L_n\) (defined as the quotient of a multivariate polynomial algebra modulo an ideal generated by certain quadratic binomials associated to incomparable pairs in \(L_n\)) is isomorphic to the monoid algebra \(\mathbb{C}[S_n]\). The authors then turn to the flag algebras \(R_{n,m}\) of the general linear group GL\(_n\), which decompose as the direct sum of all polynomial representations of GL\(_n\) whose highest weight is a partition with at most \(m\) non-zero parts. They recall a basis of \(R_{n,m}\) labeled by multichains in the subposet \(L_{n,m}\) of \(L_n\) (consisting of column tableaux of depths at most \(m\)). It is shown that there is a flat degeneration from \(R_{n,m}\) to its initial algebra \(\mathrm{in}(R_{n,m})\) with respect to the graded lexicograpic monomial order. The algebra \(\mathrm{in}(R_{n,m})\) is isomorphic to the monoid algebra \(\mathbb{C}[S_{n,m}]\) of a certain submonoid \(S_{n,m}\) of \(S_n\). Connections between some subposets of \(L_n\) and \(\Gamma_n\) and questions on Grassmannians and on representations of symplectic groups are also briefly discussed.

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