Nonlinear least-squares spline fitting with variable knots

DOI10.1016/J.AMC.2019.02.051MaRDI QIDQ2011125zbMATHOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Péter Kovács, Andrea M. Fekete

Publication date 28 November 2019

Published in Applied Mathematics and Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.03847

zbMATH Keywords

variable projectionnonlinear least-squares problemssignal compressionfree knot splinesnonlinear nonconvex optimizationelectrocardiograms (ECG)

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Numerical optimization and variational techniques (65K10) Numerical computation using splines (65D07) Numerical smoothing, curve fitting (65D10) Approximation methods and heuristics in mathematical programming (90C59) Biomedical imaging and signal processing (92C55)

Abstract: In this paper, we present a nonlinear least-squares fitting algorithm using B-splines with free knots. Since its performance strongly depends on the initial estimation of the free parameters (i.e. the knots), we also propose a fast and efficient knot-prediction algorithm that utilizes numerical properties of first-order B-splines. Using $el{l}_p;(p=1,2,infty)$ norm solutions, we also provide three different strategies for properly selecting the free knots. Our initial predictions are then iteratively refined by means of a gradient-based variable projection optimization. Our method is general in nature and can be used to estimate the optimal number of knots in cases in which no a-priori information is available. To evaluate the performance of our method, we approximated a one-dimensional discrete time series and conducted an extensive comparative study using both synthetic and real-world data. We chose the problem of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal compression as a real-world case study. Our experiments on the well-known PhysioNet MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database show that the proposed method outperforms other knot-prediction techniques in terms of accuracy while requiring much lower computational complexity.

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Cited in

(9)

• Interpretation ECG signals by using wavelet analysis
• Geometrically designed variable knot splines in generalized (non-)linear models
• Knot-optimizing spline networks (KOSNETS) for nonparametric regression
• Non-linear least squares fitting of Bézier surfaces to unstructured point clouds
• Linear least squares problems involving fixed knots polynomial splines and their singularity study
• Least squares estimation of linear splines with unknown knot locations
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 19406 (Why is no real title available?)
• Estimation of Knots in Linear Spline Models
• Non-linearity and non-convexity in optimal knots selection for sparse reduced data

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• FITPACK
• PhysioToolkit

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