Adiabaticity and gravity theory independent conservation laws for cosmological perturbations

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2016.02.054zbMATH Open1367.83113arXiv1512.05757OpenAlexW2203486500MaRDI QIDQ2011475FDOQ2011475

Authors: Antonio Enea Romano, Sander Mooij, Misao Sasaki 

Publication date: 3 August 2017

Published in: Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We carefully study the implications of adiabaticity for the behavior of cosmological perturbations. There are essentially three similar but different definitions of non-adiabaticity: one is appropriate for a thermodynamic fluid $delta{P}_{nad}$, another is for a general matter field $delta{P}_{c,nad}$, and the last one is valid only on superhorizon scales. The first two definitions coincide if $c_s^2=c_w^2$ where $c_s$ is the propagation speed of the perturbation, while $c_w^2=dotP/dotho$. Assuming the adiabaticity in the general sense, $delta{P}_{c,nad}=0$, we derive a relation between the lapse function in the comoving sli-cing $A_c$ and $delta{P}_{nad}$ valid for arbitrary matter field in any theory of gravity, by using only momentum conservation. The relation implies that as long as $c_{s}eq{c}_w$, the uniform density, comoving and the proper-time slicings coincide approximately for any gravity theory and for any matter field if $delta{P}_{nad}=0$ approximately. In the case of general relativity this gives the equivalence between the comoving curvature perturbation $R_c$ and the uniform density curvature perturbation $zeta$ on superhorizon scales, and their conservation. We then consider an example in which $c_w=c_s$, where $delta{P}_{nad}=delta{P}_{c,nad}=0$ exactly, but the equivalence between $R_c$ and $zeta$ no longer holds. Namely we consider the so-called ultra slow-roll inflation. In this case both $R_c$ and $zeta$ are not conserved. In particular, as for $zeta$, we find that it is crucial to take into account the next-to-leading order term in $zeta$'s spatial gradient expansion to show its non-conservation, even on superhorizon scales. This is an example of the fact that adiabaticity (in the thermodynamic sense) is not always enough to ensure the conservation of $R_c$ or $zeta$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.05757

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Cited In (16)

• A note on the (non-)conservation of curvature perturbation
• The separate-universe approach and sudden transitions during inflation
• Dynamical systems in perturbative scalar field cosmology
• Effects of the modification of gravity on the production of primordial black holes
• The MESS of the CMB
• Global adiabaticity and non-Gaussianity consistency condition
• An update on adiabatic modes in cosmology and δN formalism
• Construction of the conserved \(\zeta\) via the effective action for perfect fluids
• New perspectives on constant-roll inflation
• Anisotropic separate universe and Weinberg's adiabatic mode
• The effect of anisotropic stress and non-adiabatic pressure perturbations on the evolution of the comoving curvature perturbation
• Conservation of nonlinear curvature perturbations on super-Hubble scales
• Non-adiabatic primordial fluctuations
• On adiabatic subtraction in an inflating Universe
• Vanishing of local non-Gaussianity in canonical single field inflation
• Conservation of the nonlinear curvature perturbation in generic single-field inflation

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