Codes over a weighted torus

DOI10.1016/J.FFA.2014.11.009MaRDI QIDQ2011482zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 3 August 2017

Published in Finite Fields and their Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.6380

Hilbert series index of regularity maximum distance separable codes numerical semigroups projective Reed-Muller codes vanishing ideals

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects) (11T71) Applications of commutative algebra (e.g., to statistics, control theory, optimization, etc.) (13P25) Finite ground fields in algebraic geometry (14G15) Applications to coding theory and cryptography of arithmetic geometry (14G50) Commutative semigroups (20M14) Linear codes (general theory) (94B05) Geometric methods (including applications of algebraic geometry) applied to coding theory (94B27)

Abstract: We define weighted projective Reed-Muller codes over a subset of weighted projective space over a finite field. We focus on the case when the set X is a projective weighted torus. We show that the vanishing ideal of X is a lattice ideal and relate it with the lattice ideal of a minimal presentation of the semigroup algebra of Q, the numerical semigroup generated by the weights of the projective space. We compute the index of regularity of the vanishing ideal as function of the weights and the Frobenius number of Q. We compute the basic parameters of weighted projective Reed-Muller codes over a 1-dimensional weighted torus and prove they are maximum distance separable codes.

Review text

For a finite field \({\mathbb F}_q\), projective Reed-Muller codes, [\textit{G. Lachaud}, Discrete Math. 81, No. 2, 217--221 (1990; Zbl 0696.94015)], are the images of an arbitrary subset \(X\subseteq {\mathbb P}^s\) under the degree \(d\) homogeneous component of the polynomial ring \({\mathbb F}_q[x_0,\ldots,x_s]\). Now, if \(w_0,\ldots,w_s\) are positive coprime integers and we let \({\mathbb F}_q^*\) act on \({\mathbb F}_q^{s+1}-\{0\}\) by \(\lambda(a_0,\ldots,a_s)=(\lambda^{w_0}a_0,\ldots, \lambda^{w_s}a_s)\), the weighted projective space over \({\mathbb F}_q\), with weights \(w_0,\ldots,w_s\), is the quotient \({\mathbb P}(w_0,\ldots,w_s)=\big({\mathbb F}_q^{s+1}-\{0\}\big)/{\mathbb F}_q^*\). Thus, the coordinate ring of \({\mathbb P}(w_0,\ldots,w_s)\) is the weighted polynomial ring \({\mathbb F}_q[x_0,\ldots,x_s]\) with grading \(\deg(x_i)=w_i\). In this paper, the authors introduce the notion of a \textit{weighted projective Reed-Muller code} \(C_X(d)\) as the image of a subset \(X\subseteq {\mathbb P}(w_0,\ldots,w_s)\) of the evaluation map \({\mathbb F}_q[x_0,\ldots,x_s]_d\rightarrow {\mathbb F}_q^n\) of the degree \(d\) homogeneous polynomials on the \(n=|X|\) points of \(X\), with a chosen order. The problem of determining the basic parameters, length, dimension and minimum distance, of these weighted projective Reed-Muller codes depends on obtaining certain properties of the vanishing ideal \(I_X\subseteq {\mathbb F}_q[x_0,\ldots,x_s]\) of the set \(X\). Since in the classical case, that is, when \(w_i=1\) for all \(0\leq i\leq s\), the projective Reed-Muller codes that are somehow well understood correspond to sets \(X\) of \({\mathbb F}_q\)-rational points of some projective varieties, one may reasonably expect that this will the case for a general weighted projective Reed--Muller code. The authors focus on the case when the set \(X\subseteq {\mathbb P}(w_0,\ldots,w_s)\) is a \textit{weighted projective torus}, that is the set \({\mathbb T}={\mathbb T}(w_0,\ldots,w_s)=\{(a_0,\ldots,a_s)\in {\mathbb P}(w_0,\ldots,w_s): a_0\cdots a_s\neq 0\}\), since in this instance, following [\textit{C. Rentería} et al., Finite Fields Appl. 17, No. 1, 81--104 (2011; Zbl 1209.13037)] and [\textit{J. Herzog}, Manuscr. Math. 3, 175--193 (1970; Zbl 0211.33801)], the authors can prove that the vanishing ideal \(I_{\mathbb T}\) of the weighted torus is a lattice ideal which can be obtained from the lattice ideal of a minimal presentation of the semigroup algebra of the numerical semigroup of weights \(Q=\langle w_0,\ldots,w_s\rangle\subseteq {\mathbb N}\). From this information, the authors compute the Hilbert series of the algebra \({\mathbb F}_q[x_0,\ldots,x_s]/I_{\mathbb T}\) and its index of regularity in terms of the weights and the Frobenius number of \(Q\). A direct calculation shows that the length of the corresponding weighted projective Reed-Muller code \(C_{\mathbb T}(d)\) is \((q-1)^s\) but the other parameters are not so easily determined. In the last section of the paper, the authors consider the example of a one-dimensional projective weighted torus \({\mathbb T}={\mathbb T}(w_0,w_1)\) and using the information given by the Hilbert series and index of regularity of the vanishing ideal, they compute the dimension and minimum distance of the corresponding weighted projective Reed-Muller code \(C_{\mathbb T}(d)\), in particular, they show that these are maximum distance separable codes.

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