A coboundary morphism for the Grothendieck spectral sequence

Resolutions; derived functors (category-theoretic aspects) (18G10) Spectral sequences, hypercohomology (18G40) Spectral sequences and homology of fiber spaces in algebraic topology (55R20)

Abstract: Given an abelian category

m a t h c a l A

with enough injectives we show that a short exact sequence of chain complexes of objects in

m a t h c a l A

gives rise to a short exact sequence of Cartan-Eilenberg resolutions. Using this we construct coboundary morphisms between Grothendieck spectral sequences associated to objects in a short exact sequence. We show that the coboundary preserves the filtrations associated with the spectral sequences and give an application of these result to filtrations in sheaf cohomology.

Review text

Recall the content of the Grothendieck spectral sequence [\textit{A. Grothendieck}, Sur quelques points d'algèbre homologique, Tohoku Math. J., II. Ser. 9, 119--221 (1957; Zbl 0118.26104)]. Let \(\mathcal{A}, \mathcal{B}, \mathcal{C}\) be abelian categories and let \(F: \mathcal{A}\to \mathcal{B}\), \(G: \mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{C}\) be left exact functors. Suppose \(\mathcal{A}\), \(\mathcal{B}\) have enough injectives and \(F\) sends injective objects to \(G\)-acyclic objects. Given an object \(A\in \mathcal{A}\) there is a spectral sequence \(\{E_r^{p,q}(A), d^r\}\) consisting of objects in \(\mathcal{C}\) and filtration \(F^p R^n(G\circ F)(A)\) on \(R^n(G\circ F)(A)\) such that the spectral sequence converges to the assiciated graded objects and such that \(E_2^{p,q}(A)=R^p G(R^q F(A))\). This spectral sequence is functorial in \(A\). Consider a short exact sequence \(0\to A \to B\to C\to 0\) in \(\mathcal{A}\). The paper under review gives an answer to the question how the spectral sequences and filtrations associated to \(A\) and \(C\) are related. Theorem 1. Let \(0\to A \to B\to C\to 0\) be a short exact sequence in \(\mathcal{A}\). There are morphisms \(\delta_r: E_r^{p,q}(C)\to E_r^{p,q+1}(A)\) for \(r\geq 2\) between the Grothendieck spectral sequences for \(C\) and \(A\) with the following properties: \begin{itemize} \item- \(\delta_r\) commutes with the differentials \(d_r\) and the induced map at the \((r+1)\)-stage is \(\delta_{r+1}\). \item - \(\delta_2: R^p G(R^q F (C)) \to R^p G(R^{q+1} F (C))\) is the map induced by the coboundary morphism \(R^q F(C)\to R^{q+1}F(A)\) in the long exact sequence of derived functors of \(F\) associated to \(0\to A \to B\to C\to 0\). \item - The coboundaries \(R^n(G\circ F)(C)\to R^{n+1}(G\circ F)(A)\) for the long exact sequence associated to \(G\circ F\) send \(F^p R^n(G\circ F)(C)\to F^p R^{n+1}(G\circ F)(A)\) and thus induce maps \(E_{\infty}^{p,q}(C)\to E_{\infty}^{p,{q+1}}(A)\). These maps coincide with \(\delta_{\infty}\) where \(\delta_{\infty}\) denotes the limit of the \(\delta_r\). The Leray spectral sequence is the Grothendieck spectral sequence for functors \(f_*: \mathcal{A}^X \to \mathcal{A}^Y\), \(\Gamma_Y: \mathcal{A}^Y\to \mathcal{A}\) where \(\mathcal{A}^X\) denotes the category of sheaves on \(X\), \(\Gamma_Y\) is defined by \(\Gamma_Y(A)= A(Y)\), and \(f_*\) is the push-down functor. Furthermore, assume that \(X\), \(Y\) are paracompact topological spaces, and moreover that every subspace of \(X\) is paracompact. Let \(\underline{\mathbb{C}}\), \(\underline{\mathbb{C}}^*\) be the sheaves of continuous functions with values in \(\mathbb{C}\), \(\mathbb{C}^*\), where \(\mathbb{C}^*\) is non-zero complex numbers. Theorem 6. Let \(f: X\to Y\) be a map between spaces X,Y, let \(E_r^{p,q}(\mathbb{Z})\), \(E_r^{p,q}(\underline{\mathbb{C}}^*)\) be the Leray spectral sequence associated to the sheaves \(\mathbb{Z}\), \(\underline{\mathbb{C}}^*\) and let \(F^{p,n}(\mathbb{Z})\), \(F^{p,n}(\underline{\mathbb{C}}^*)\) be the associated filtrations on \(H^n(X, \mathbb{Z})\), \(H^n(X, \underline{\mathbb{C}}^*)\). Then \item - The coboundary \(\delta: H^n(X, \underline{\mathbb{C}}^*)\to H^{n+1}(X, \mathbb{Z})\) restricts to morphisms \( \delta: F^{p,p+q}(\underline{\mathbb{C}}^*) \to F^{p,p+q+1}(\mathbb{Z}) \) which are isomorphisms whenever \(p+q\geq 1\) and surjective for \(p=q=0\). \item - The induced quotient maps \(E_{\infty}^{p,q}(\underline{\mathbb{C}}^*)\to E_{\infty}^{p,{q+1}}(\mathbb{Z})\) are isomorphisms for \(q\geq 1\) and surjections for \(q=0\). In conclusion, the author presents an application of Theorem 6 to the topological \(\mathbf{T}\)-duality.\end{itemize}

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