The problem of central orthomorphisms in a class of F-lattices

DOI10.1016/J.INDAG.2014.12.003MaRDI QIDQ2017796zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors M. Wójtowicz, Halina Wiśniewska

Publication date 23 March 2015

Published in Indagationes Mathematicae. New Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indag.2014.12.003

zbMATH Keywords

\(F\)-lattice locally bounded \(F\)-space Musielak-Orlicz sequence space orthomorphism

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordered topological linear spaces, vector lattices (46A40) Sequence spaces (including Köthe sequence spaces) (46A45)

Review text

This paper is concerned with the following problem: \(( P)\) Characterize those Archimedean vector lattices \(E\) for which every order bounded orthomorphism on \(E\) is a central operator, that is, an operator satisfying \(|T | \leq \lambda I_E\) for some positive real number \(\lambda\), where \(I_E\) is the identity on \(E\). Let \(Z(E)\) denote the central operators on \(E\) and let \(\mathrm{Orth}(E)\) denote the orthomorphisms on \(E\). In general, we have \(Z(E) \subset \mathrm{Orth}(E)\). In [Compos. Math. 35, 225--238 (1977; Zbl 0381.47021)], \textit{A. W. Wickstead} showed that, if \(E\) is a Banach lattice, then \(Z(E) = \mathrm{Orth}(E)\). The introduction of the paper contains a brief history of the problem \((P)\). Recall that a subadditive function \(x \mapsto ||x||\) defined on a linear space \(X\) such that \(||x|| = 0\) if and only if \(x = 0\) and, for every \(x \in X\), the function \(t \mapsto ||tx||\) is continuous at zero, is called an \(F\)-norm on \(X\). If \(X\) is complete with respect to \(||\cdot||\), then \(X\) is called an \(F\)-space. An \(F\)-space \(X\) is called locally bounded at \(0\) if there exists an open ball in \(X\) centered at \(0\) which is topologically bounded. If the vector lattice \(E\) is endowed with a monotone \(F\)-norm \(||\cdot||\) under which \(E\) is complete, then \((E, ||\cdot||)\) is said to be an \(F\)-lattice. Every Banach lattice is an \(F\)-lattice. The main result of the paper is the following. Theorem. If \((E, ||\cdot||)\) is a locally bounded \(F\)-lattice, then \(\mathrm{Orth}(E) = Z(E)\). The preceding result is then applied to Nakano spaces. Let \((p_n )\) be a fixed sequence of numbers in the interval \((0, 1)\). Consider the space of sequences \(l^{(p_n )}\), where \[ l^{(p_n )}= \left\{(x_n ) :\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}|x_n |{}^{p_n} < \infty\right\}, \] endowed with the \(F\)-norm \(\displaystyle ||(x_n )|| =\sum^{\infty}_{ n=1} |x_n |{}^{p_n}\). The next result answers problem \((P)\) for the class of Nakano spaces. Theorem. Let \((p_n )\) be a fixed sequence in \((0, 1)\). For the Nakano \(F\)-lattice \(E = l^{(p_n )}\), the following are equivalent: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(\mathrm{Orth}(E) = Z(E)\). \item [(ii)] \(\inf p_n > 0\). \item [(iii)] \(E\) is locally bounded. \end{itemize}} In the final part of the paper, the results are generalized to Musielak-Orlicz sequence spaces. In particular, if \(\Phi = (\phi_n )\) denotes a sequence of increasing, continuous Orlicz functions which contains a subsequence with a certain condition \((\Delta_n\), in the paper), then \(\mathrm{Orth}(l^\Phi) = Z(l^\Phi)\).

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