On the eigenvalues of quantum graph Laplacians with large complex couplings

DOI10.4171/PM/2047zbMATH Open1470.34081arXiv2001.10244OpenAlexW3138237331MaRDI QIDQ2025695FDOQ2025695

Robin Lang, James Bernard Kennedy

Publication date: 14 May 2021

Published in: Portugaliae Mathematica. Nova Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the location of the spectrum of the Laplacian on compact metric graphs with complex Robin-type vertex conditions, also known as $delta$ conditions, on some or all of the graph vertices. We classify the eigenvalue asymptotics as the complex Robin parameter(s) diverge to $infty$ in $mathbbC$: for each vertex $v$ with a Robin parameter $alphainmathbbC$ for which $mathrmRe,alphao-infty$ sufficiently quickly, there exists exactly one divergent eigenvalue, which behaves like $-alph{a}^2/mathrmdeg,v^2$, while all other eigenvalues stay near the spectrum of the Laplacian with a Dirichlet condition at $v$; if $mathrmRe,alpha$ remains bounded from below, then all eigenvalues stay near the Dirichlet spectrum. Our proof is based on an analysis of the corresponding Dirichlet-to-Neumann matrices (Titchmarsh--Weyl M-functions). We also use sharp trace-type inequalities to prove estimates on the numerical range and hence on the spectrum of the operator, which allow us to control both the real and imaginary parts of the eigenvalues in terms of the real and imaginary parts of the Robin parameter(s).

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10244

zbMATH Keywords

Laplacianquantum graphRobin boundary conditionsdelta vertex conditionsestimates on eigenvaluesspectral theory of nonself-adjoint operators

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary value problems on graphs and networks for ordinary differential equations (34B45) Eigenvalues, estimation of eigenvalues, upper and lower bounds of ordinary differential operators (34L15) Nonselfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory including creation and destruction operators (81Q12) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35)

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