On the geometry of higher order Schreier spaces

Abstract: For each countable ordinal

a l p h a

let

m a t h c a l S_{a l p h a}

be the Schreier set of order

a l p h a

and

X_{m a t h c a l S_{a} l p h a}

be the corresponding Schreier space of order

a l p h a

. In this paper we prove several new properties of these spaces. 1) If

a l p h a

is non-zero then

X_{m a t h c a l S_{a} l p h a}

possesses the

l a m b d a

-property of R. Aron and R. Lohman and is a

(V)

-polyhedral spaces in the sense on V. Fonf and L. Vesely. 2) If

a l p h a

is non-zero and

1 < p < i n f t y

then the

p

-convexification

X_{m a t h c a l S_{a} l p h a}^{p}

possesses the uniform

l a m b d a

-property of R. Aron and R. Lohman. 3) For each countable ordinal

a l p h a

the space

X_{m a t h c a l S_{a} l p h a}^{*}

has the

l a m b d a

-property. 4) For

n i n m a t h b b N

, if

U : X_{m a t h c a l S_{n}} o X_{m a t h c a l S_{n}}

is an onto linear isometry then

U e_{i} = p m e_{i}

for each

i i n m a t h b b N

. Consequently, these spaces are light in the sense of Megrelishvili. The fact that for non-zero

a l p h a

,

X_{m a t h c a l S_{a} l p h a}

is

(V)

-polyhedral and has the

l a m b d a

-property implies that each

X_{m a t h c a l S_{a} l p h a}

is an example of space solving a problem of J. Lindenstrauss from 1966. The first example of such a space was given by C. De Bernardi in 2017 using a renorming of

c_{0}

.

Review text

The abstract sums up very clearly the main achievements of this very fine paper. Here let us just elaborate the abstract a little: For each countable ordinal \(a\), let \(S_a\) be the Schreier set of order \(a\) and \(X_a\) the corresponding Schreier space of order \(a\). If \(a\) is non-zero, \begin{itemize} \item [1.] \(X_a\) has the \(\lambda\)-property of \textit{R. M. Aron} and \textit{R. H. Lohman} [Pac. J. Math. 127, No. 2, 209--231 (1987; Zbl 0662.46020)] (in particular, the unit ball is the closed convex hull of its extreme points) and is (V)-polyhedral, i.e., for every \(x\) in the unit sphere \[ \sup\{f(x):f\in\mbox{ext}\,B_{X_a^\ast}\setminus \{f\in S_{X_a^\ast}:f(x)=1\}\}<1, \] \item [2.] when \(1<p<\infty\), then the \(p\)-convexification of \(X_a\) has the uniform \(\lambda\)-property of Aron and Lohman (in particular, each element in the unit ball is an infinite convex combination of extreme points). \end{itemize} Furthermore, \begin{itemize} \item [3.] the dual of \(X_a\) always has the \(\lambda\)-property, and \item [4.] for each \(n\in\mathbb{N}\), any onto linear isometry on \(X_n\) either fixes \(e_i\) or sends \(e_i\) to \(-e_i\), for all \(i\in\mathbb{N}\). \end{itemize} Note that 1. gives lots of new examples of polyhedral spaces where the unit ball is the closed convex hull of its extreme points. Whether such spaces could exist was only answered by \textit{C. A. De Bernardi} in 2017 [Isr. J. Math. 220, No. 2, 547--557 (2017; Zbl 1384.46003)], after \textit{J. Lindenstrauss} asked it in 1966 [ibid. 4, 235--242 (1966; Zbl 0148.11301)]. In a comment at the very end, the authors inform about the related paper [\textit{K.~Beanland} and \textit{H.~V. Chu}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 149, No.~12, 5131--5137 (2021; Zbl 1483.46013)].

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