The c-differential behavior of the inverse function under the \textit{EA}-equivalence

DOI10.1007/S12095-020-00466-8MaRDI QIDQ2040352zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Pantelimon Stanica, Aaron Geary

Publication date 13 July 2021

Published in Cryptography and Communications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.00355

zbMATH Keywords

perturbationscharactersdifferential uniformity\(c\)-differentialsBoolean and \(p\)-ary functionsperfect and almost perfect \(c\)-nonlinearity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Cryptography (94A60) Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Boolean functions (94D10)

Abstract: While the classical differential uniformity ($c=1$) is invariant under the CCZ-equivalence, the newly defined cite{EFRST20} concept of $c$-differential uniformity, in general is not invariant under EA or CCZ-equivalence, as was observed in cite{SPRS20}. In this paper, we find an intriguing behavior of the inverse function, namely, that adding some appropriate linearized monomials increases the $c$-differential uniformity significantly, for some~$c$. For example, adding the linearized monomial $x^{p^d}$, where $d$ is the largest nontrivial divisor of $n$, increases the mentioned $c$-differential uniformity from~$2$ or $3$ (for $ceq0$) to $geq{p}^d+2$, which in the case of AES' inverse function on $F_{2^8}$ is a significant value of~$18$.

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Cited in

(10)

• Inverse function is not component-wise uniform
• Low \(c\)-differential and \(c\)-boomerang uniformity of the swapped inverse function
• Investigations on \(c\)-boomerang uniformity and perfect nonlinearity
• Using double Weil sums in finding the \(c\)-boomerang connectivity table for monomial functions on finite fields
• Survey on recent trends towards generalized differential and boomerang uniformities
• The c-differential uniformity of the perturbed inverse function via a trace function Tr\(\left(\frac{x^2}{x+1}\right)\)
• The binary Gold function and its \(c\)-boomerang connectivity table
• New P\(c\)N and AP\(c\)N functions over finite fields
• Characters, Weil sums and \(c\)-differential uniformity with an application to the perturbed Gold function
• A note on the \(c\)-differential spectrum of an AP\(c\)N function

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