Global existence and uniform boundedness in a chemotaxis model with signal-dependent motility

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2021.07.029MaRDI QIDQ2045860zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 16 August 2021

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.10666

chemotaxis comparison principle parabolic-elliptic system signal-dependent motility

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Comparison principles in context of PDEs (35B51) Degenerate parabolic equations (35K65) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92)

Abstract: Global existence is established for classical solutions to a chemotaxis model with signal-dependent motility for a general class of motility functions

g a m m a

which may in particular decay in an arbitrary way at infinity. Assuming further that

g a m m a

is non-increasing and decays sufficiently slowly at infinity, in the sense that

g a m m a (s) s i m s^{- k}

as

s o i n f t y

for some

k i n (0, N / (N - 2)_{+})

, it is also shown that global solutions are uniformly bounded with respect to time. The admissible decay of

g a m m a

at infinity here is higher than in previous works.

Review text

The system \[u_t=\Delta(\gamma(v)u),\] \[0=\Delta v-v+u,\] is studied in bounded domains of \({\mathbb R}^N\), with the homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions for \(u\) and \(v\). Stationary solutions to that system solve the chemotaxis model \[u_t=\nabla\cdot(\nabla u-u\nabla\phi(v)),\] \[-\Delta v+v=u\] provided \(\gamma(v)=e^{-\phi(v)}\), whose solutions may blow up in some cases and thus, it is interesting to compare dynamical behaviors of solutions to both systems. Global-in-time classical and nonnegative solutions to the former system are shown to exist under a simple assumption: \(\gamma\in C^3((0,\infty))\), \(\gamma>0\), \(\sup_{\tau\in[s,\infty]}\gamma(\tau)<\infty\) for all \(s>0\). Note that sign changes of \(\gamma'\) are permitted by this assumption so that both attraction and repulsion effects can be present in that model. Under some addititional assumptions these solutions are uniformly bounded. This result improves some previous ones, and its proof involves new delicate iteration and monotonicity techniques.

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