Diophantine equations in separated variables and polynomial power sums

DOI10.1007/S00605-021-01560-6MaRDI QIDQ2049537zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Clemens Fuchs, Sebastian Heintze

Publication date 27 August 2021

Published in Monatshefte für Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.10342

zbMATH Keywords

Bilu-Tichy theoremDiophantine equationlinear recurrences

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Recurrences (11B37) Polynomials in number theory (11C08) Diophantine equations (11D99)

Abstract: We consider Diophantine equations of the shape $f(x)=g(y)$, where the polynomials $f$ and $g$ are elements of power sums. Using a finiteness criterion of Bilu and Tichy, we will prove that under suitable assumptions infinitely many rational solutions $(x,y)$ with a bounded denominator are only possible in trivial cases.

Review text

Diophantine equations in separated variables of type \(f(x)=g(y)\) are well-known in the literature, cf. \textit{R. F. Tichy} and \textit{D. Kreso} [Period. Math. Hung. 76, No. 1, 47--67 (2018; Zbl 1399.11105)]. To solve equations of this type, a powerful tool is the application of the result of \textit{Y. F. Bilu} and \textit{R. F. Tichy} [Acta Arith. 95, No. 3, 261--288 (2000; Zbl 0958.11049)]. Let \(G_n(x)=a_1\alpha_1(x)^n+\ldots+a_d\alpha_d(x)^n\) be the \(n\)-th term in a linear recurrence sequence of polynomials, let \(H_m(y)=b_1\beta_1(y)^n+\ldots+b_t\beta_t(x)^n\) be the \(m\)-th term in another linear recurrence sequence of polynomials. Under certain assumptions the authors prove: -- if \(G_n(x)\) is indecomposable, then \(G_n(x)=H_m(y)\) has infinitely many rational solutions if and only if there exists a polynomial \(P(y)\in\mathbb Q[y]\) such that \(H_m(y)=G_n(P(y))\) holds identically. -- if in addition \(H_m(y)\) is also indecomposable, then in the above statement we can restrict \(P(y)\) to be linear.

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Cites work

• Combinatorial Diophantine equations and a refinement of a theorem on separated variables equations
• Complete decomposition of Dickson-type polynomials and related Diophantine equations
• Decomposition of a recursive family of polynomials
• Diophantine equations for second-order recursive sequences of polynomials
• Diophantine equations in separated variables
• Diophantine equations in separated variables and lacunary polynomials
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Cited in

(9)

• Diophantine equations in separated variables
• Polynomial Diophantine equations with high multiplicity
• Diophantine equations with Euler polynomials
• INDECOMPOSABILITY OF POLYNOMIALS AND RELATED DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 898054 (Why is no real title available?)
• A polynomial variant of a problem of Diophantus and its consequences
• On decompositions of quadrinomials and related Diophantine equations
• Diophantine equations in separated variables and lacunary polynomials
• Combinatorial Diophantine equations and a refinement of a theorem on separated variables equations

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