Para-Kähler-Einstein 4-manifolds and non-integrable twistor distributions

DOI10.1007/S10711-021-00665-4MaRDI QIDQ2071815zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gil Bor, Omid Makhmali, Pawel Nurowski

Publication date 31 January 2022

Published in Geometriae Dedicata (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.05975

zbMATH Keywords

conformal structureEinstein metricCartan geometryPetrov typepara-complex structure\((2,3,5)\)-distributionCartan reductionpara-Kähler structure

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(G)-structures (53C10) General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15) Issues of holonomy in differential geometry (53C29) Exterior differential systems (Cartan theory) (58A15) Vector distributions (subbundles of the tangent bundles) (58A30)

Abstract: We study the local geometry of 4-manifolds equipped with a emph{para-K"ahler-Einstein} (pKE) metric, a special type of split-signature pseudo-Riemannian metric, and their associated emph{twistor distribution}, a rank 2 distribution on the 5-dimensional total space of the circle bundle of self-dual null 2-planes. For pKE metrics with nonvanishing Einstein constant this twistor distribution has exactly two integral leaves and is `maximally non-integrable' on their complement, a so-called (2,3,5)-distribution. Our main result establishes a simple correspondence between the anti-self-dual Weyl tensor of a pKE metric with non-vanishing Einstein constant and the Cartan quartic of the associated twistor distribution. This will be followed by a discussion of this correspondence for general split-signature metrics which is shown to be much more involved. We use Cartan's method of equivalence to produce a large number of explicit examples of pKE metrics with nonvanishing Einstein constant whose anti-self-dual Weyl tensor have special real Petrov type. In the case of real Petrov type $D,$ we obtain a complete local classification. Combined with the main result, this produces twistor distributions whose Cartan quartic has the same algebraic type as the Petrov type of the constructed pKE metrics. In a similar manner, one can obtain twistor distributions with Cartan quartic of arbitrary algebraic type. As a byproduct of our pKE examples we naturally obtain para-Sasaki-Einstein metrics in five dimensions. Furthermore, we study various Cartan geometries naturally associated to certain classes of pKE 4-dimensional metrics. We observe that in some geometrically distinguished cases the corresponding emph{Cartan connections} satisfy the Yang-Mills equations. We then provide explicit examples of such Yang-Mills Cartan connections.

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Cited in

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• Hyperheavenly spaces and their application in Walker and para-Kähler geometries. II
• The twistor spaces of a para-quaternionic Kähler manifold
• Hyperheavenly spaces and their application in Walker and para-Kähler geometries. I
• Para-Kähler-Einstein structures on Walker 4-manifolds
• Anti-self-dual four–manifolds with a parallel real spinor

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